ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{1;7\right\}\)

\(\dfrac{x-8}{x-7}=8+\dfrac{1}{1-x}\)

=>\(\dfrac{x-8}{x-7}=\dfrac{8-8x+1}{1-x}\)

=>\(\dfrac{x-8}{x-7}=\dfrac{-8x+9}{1-x}\)

=>\(\dfrac{x-8}{x-7}=\dfrac{8x-9}{x-1}\)

=>\(\left(8x-9\right)\left(x-7\right)=\left(x-8\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

=>\(8x^2-65x+63-x^2+9x-8=0\)

=>\(7x^2-56x+55=0\)

\(\text{Δ}=\left(-56\right)^2-4\cdot7\cdot55=1596>0\)

=>Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{56-2\sqrt{399}}{2\cdot7}=\dfrac{28-\sqrt{399}}{7}\left(nhận\right)\\x=\dfrac{28+\sqrt{399}}{7}\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a: \(\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{3}-1\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)

b: \(\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}+1}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}=\left|\sqrt{5}-1\right|=\sqrt{5}-1\)

c: \(\sqrt{1-2\sqrt{2}+2}=\sqrt{1^2-2\cdot1\cdot\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}=\left|1-\sqrt{2}\right|=\sqrt{2}-1\)

a: Xét (O) có

ΔMNQ nội tiếp

MQ là đường kính

Do đó: ΔMNQ vuông tại N

b: Xét (O) có

ΔMPQ nội tiếp

MQ là đường kính

Do đó ΔMPQ vuông tại P

=>MP\(\perp\)AQ tại P

Ta có: ΔMNQ vuông tại N

=>QN\(\perp\)AM

Xét ΔAMQ có

QN,MP là các đường cao

QN cắt MP tại H

Do đó: H là trực tâm của ΔAMQ

=>AH\(\perp\)MQ

Sửa: 

\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge a\left(b+c+d+e\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+e^2\ge ab+ac+ad+ae\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+ab+b^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}-ac+c^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}-ad+d^2\right)+\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}-ae+e^2\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-b\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-c\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-d\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{a}{2}-e\right)^2\ge0\)  

Dấu: "=" xảy ra: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)

\(P=\dfrac{2a+4}{a\sqrt{a}-1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{a}+2}{a+\sqrt{a}+1}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{a}-1}\left(a\ne1;a\ge0\right)\\ =\dfrac{2a+4}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2a+4+\left(a+2\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{a}-2\right)-2\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{2a+4+a+\sqrt{a}-2-2a-2\sqrt{a}-2}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{a}\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-1\right)\left(a+\sqrt{a}+1\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{a+\sqrt{a}+1}\) 

\(a=3-2\sqrt{2}=\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{2}\cdot1+1^2=\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow P=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}}{\left(3-2\sqrt{2}\right)+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{3-2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{2}-1+1}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{3-\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{2}-1}{7}\)

Tính giá trị của P khi A=3-2 căn2

\(a)\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{1^2+2\cdot1\cdot\sqrt{3}+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\sqrt{2}\) 

b) 

\(\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{2}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{5}\cdot1+1^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{2}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{5}+1-\sqrt{5}+1-2}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{0}{\sqrt{2}}\\ =0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{45}\\\dfrac{y}{2}-\dfrac{x}{2}=28\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{45}\\\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}+28\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x+56}=\dfrac{1}{45}\\y=x+56\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}45\left(x+56\right)+45x=x\left(x+56\right)\\y=x+56\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}90x+2520=x^2+56x\\y=x+56\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-34x-2520=0\\y=x+56\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=70\\x=-36\end{matrix}\right.\\y=x+56\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi x = 70 => y = 70 + 56 = 126

Khi x = -36 => y = (-36) + 56 = 20

Sửa đề: B là giao điểm có hoành độ dương của (P) và (d)

Phương trình hoành độ giao điểm của (P) và (d):

−x² = x − 2

x² + x − 2 = 0

x² − x + 2x − 2 = 0
(x² − x) + (2x − 2) = 0

x(x − 1) + 2(x− 1) = 0

(x − 1)(x + 2) = 0

x − 1 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0

*) x − 1 = 0

x = 1

y = −1² = −1

B(1; −1)

*) x + 2 = 0

x = −2

y = −(−2)² = −4

A(−2; −4)

* Phương trình đường thẳng OB:

Gọi (d'): y = ax + b là phương trình đường thẳng OB

Do (d') đi qua O nên b = 0

=> (d'): y = ax

Do (d') đi qua B(1; −1) nên:

a = −1

=> (d'): y = −x

Gọi (d''): y = a'x + b' là đường thẳng đi qua A(−2; −4)

Do (d'') // (d') nên a' = −1

=> (d''): y = −x + b

Do (d'') đi qua A(−2; −4) nên:

−(−2) + b = −4

b = −4 − 2

b = −6

=> (d''): y = −x − 6

Bài 5:

a) Để hpt có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{m}{2}\ne\dfrac{2}{m}\Leftrightarrow m\ne\pm2\) 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+2y=m+1\\2x+my=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-mx+1}{2}\\2x+m\cdot\dfrac{m-mx+1}{2}=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-mx+1}{2}\\2x+\dfrac{m^2-m^2x+m}{2}=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-mx+1}{2}\\4x+m^2-m^2x+m=4m-2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-mx+1}{2}\\\left(m^2-4\right)x=m^2-3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{m-m\cdot\dfrac{m-1}{m+2}+1}{2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{m\left(m+2\right)-m\left(m-1\right)+m+2}{m+2}}{2}=\dfrac{2m+1}{m+2}\\x=\dfrac{m^2-3m+2}{m^2-4}=\dfrac{m-1}{m+2}\end{matrix}\right.\) 

Để x,y nguyên thì \(\dfrac{m-1}{m+2};\dfrac{2m+1}{m+2}\) phải nguyên 

+) Ta có: \(\dfrac{m-1}{m+2}=\dfrac{m+2-3}{m+2}=1-\dfrac{3}{m+2}\)

=> m + 2 ∈ Ư(3) = {1; -1; 3; -3}

=> m ∈ {-1; -3; 1; -5} (1)

+) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2m+1}{m+2}=\dfrac{2m+4-3}{m+2}=2-\dfrac{3}{m+2}\)

=> m + 2 ∈ Ư(3) = {1; -1; 3; -3}

=> m ∈ {-1; -3; 1; -5} (2) 

Từ (1) và (2) => m ∈ {1; -1; 3; -3} 

Bài 4 

a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\sqrt{3}x+3\sqrt{5}y=-21\\4x-2\sqrt{3}y=2\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{21-3\sqrt{5}y}{-2\sqrt{3}}\\\dfrac{4\left(21-3\sqrt{5}y\right)}{-2\sqrt{3}}-2\sqrt{3}y=2\sqrt{3}\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow84-21\sqrt{5}y+12y=-12\left(2+\sqrt{5}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow84+y\left(-21\sqrt{5}+12\right)=-24-12\sqrt{5}\Leftrightarrow y=\dfrac{-108-12\sqrt{5}}{-21\sqrt{5}+12}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(21-3\sqrt{5}\right).\left(-108-12\sqrt{5}\right)}{-21\sqrt{5}+12}}{-2\sqrt{3}}\)

b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2=\left(x+1\right)^2+1+\left(y+1\right)^2\\\left(x-y-3\right)^2=\left(x-y-1\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)^2=1+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(y-2\right)^2\\\left(x-y-3-x+y+1\right)\left(x-y-3+x-y-1\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4x-1=-\left(2y-1\right)\\-2\left(2x-2y-4\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4x+2y=2\\x-y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x+y=1\\x=y+2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-y-2+y=1\\x=y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)( vô lí ) 

Vậy hpt vô nghiệm 

Kẻ đường cao BD của tam giác ABC \(\left(D\in AC\right)\)

Khi đó \(AD=AB.cosA=c.cosA\)

\(BD=AB.sinA=c\sqrt{1-cos^2A}\)

\(CD=AC-AD=b-c.cosA\)

Tam giác BCD vuông tại D

\(\Rightarrow BC^2=CD^2+BD^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=\left(b-c.cosA\right)^2+\left(c\sqrt{1-cos^2A}\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2-2bc.cosA+c^2.cos^2A+c^2\left(1-cos^2A\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2=b^2+c^2-2bc.cosA\)

Ta có đpcm.