Bài học cùng chủ đề
Luyện tập SVIP
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+ The perfect participle is a compound verb form consisting of the auxiliary "having" and the past participle of the verb, e.g. having collected, having treated. + We can use the perfect participles in a clause of time to talk about an action that comes before another connected one. Example: Having collected all necessary information, he started writing his report.
+ We can also use the perfect participle clause to talk about the reason for the action in the main clause. Example: Having treated the environment irresponsibly, we now have to suffer the effects of climate change. Note: We tend not to use participle clauses so much in speech since they can be rather formal. |
+ Phân từ hoàn thành là một dạng động từ ghép bao gồm từ "having " và dạng quá khứ phân từ, ví dụ: đã thu thập, đã điều trị. + Chúng ta có thể sử dụng những phân từ hoàn thành trong một mệnh đề thời gian để nói về một hành động xảy ra trước một hành động khác. Ví dụ: Sau khi thu thập tất cả các thông tin cần thiết, anh ấy bắt đầu viết báo cáo của mình. + Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ hoàn thành để nói về lý do của hành động trong mệnh đề chính. Ví dụ: Vì đã đối xử với môi trường một cách vô trách nhiệm, giờ chúng ta phải chịu tác động của biến đổi khí hậu. Lưu ý: Chúng ta có xu hướng không sử dụng mệnh đề phân từ quá nhiều trong lời nói vì chúng khá trang trọng. |
Grammar
Perfect gerunds
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We can use the perfect gerund to emphasise that an action happened in the past, before the past action denoted by the main verb of the sentence. It an be used in the following structures: (1) Verb + (object) + preposition + perfect gerund Verb: apologise for, accuse ... of, admire ... for, blame ... for, congratulate ... on, criticise ... for, punish ... for, praise ... for, thank ... for, suspect ... of Example: He apologise for having made us wait so long. (2) Verb + perfect gerund Verb: deny, admit, forget, mention, remember, recall, regret Example: She denied having broken . |
Chúng ta có thể sử dụng danh động từ hoàn thành để nhấn mạnh rằng một hành động đã xảy ra trong quá khứ, trước khi hành động trong quá khứ được biểu thị bằng động từ chính của câu. Nó được sử dụng trong các cấu trúc sau: (1) Động từ + (đối tượng) + giới từ + danh động từ hoàn thành Động từ: apologise for, accuse ... of, admire ... for, blame ... for, congratulate ... on, criticise ... for, punish ... for, praise ... for, thank ... for, suspect ... of Ví dụ: Anh ấy xin lỗi vì đã khiến chúng tôi chờ đợi quá lâu. (2) Động từ + gerund hoàn hảo Động từ: deny, admit, forget, mention, remember, recall, regret Ví dụ: Cô phủ nhận đã làm vỡ chiếc bình hoa. |
Match the two parts to make complete sentences.
Match the two parts to make complete sentences.
Grammar
Perfect participles in clauses of time and reason
Rewrite the sentences, using perfect participle
Example:
1. After we identified the causes of global warming, we worked out some solutions to reduce ít effects
→ Having identified the causes of global warming, we worked out some solutions to reduce its effects.
2. Since they have used up the fossil fuel resources in their country,they have to find some types of alternative energy.
3. Because local people have cut down the forests to make way for farming,now they have to suffer severe floods.
4. After we read the report on how the burning of petrol in cars contributes to climate change,we decided to sell our car and get a bicycle instead.
Grammar
Perfect participles in clauses of time and reason
Rewrite the sentences, using perfect participle
Example:
1. After we identified the causes of global warming, we worked out some solutions to reduce ít effects
→ Having identified the causes of global warming, we worked out some solutions to reduce its effects.
2. Because farmers had been informed about the bad effects of chemical fertilisers,they started using them sparingly on their farms.
3. After we talked with the environmentalist,we changed our attitude to nature
4. Since people have ignored warnings about global warming for more than 20 years,they have to suffer its effects now.
5. After we had learnt that humans are responsible for global warming,||we were determined to reduce our carbon footprint.
Grammar
Perfect gerunds
Combine the sentences, using perfect gerunds.
Example:
Someone had started a fire in the forest. Tom admitted that he had done it.
→ Tom admitted (to) having started a fire in the forest.
1. In the Tree Planting Competition, the students in Group 11G planted the most trees in the schoolyard. They were praised for that.
2. Someone had cut down the oldest tree in the park. The police suspected Mike of doing it.
3. He had dumped lots of rubbish onto the beach. He denied it.
Grammar
Perfect gerunds
Combine the sentences, using perfect gerunds.
Example:
Someone had started a fire in the forest. Tom admitted that he had done it.
→ Tom admitted (to) having started a fire in the forest.
1. You had saved the lives of hundreds of wild animals. Thank you for that.
2. They had hunted and killed many wild animals. Later they regretted what they had done.
3. The factory had dumped tons of toxic waste into the river. It was heavily fined for that.
4. Denis had taken an active part in the Green Summer activities. He was rewarded for that.
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