Trương quang huy hoàngPhùng Hà ChâuThảo Phương Mai Phương ThảoNh PhùngTên KoAnh PhaKhánh Như Trương NgọcBolbbalgan4Hắc Hường

Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ 27x + 102y = 18,54 (1)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,032}{22,4}=0,18\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 3x = 0,18.2 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,12\left(mol\right)\\y=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,12.27}{18,54}.100\%\approx17,5\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx82,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

_ Khi cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với H₂SO₄ đặc, nóng.

Giả sử: \(n_{SO_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT mol e, có: 3.0,12 = 2a ⇒ x = 0,18 (mol)

Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,36.1=0,36\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{SO_2}}=\dfrac{0,36}{0,18}=2\)

⇒ Pư tạo muối trung hòa K₂SO₃.

PT: \(SO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_3+H_2O\)

___0,18____________0,18 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{K_2SO_3}}=\dfrac{0,18}{0,36}=0,5M\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

a)

Gọi số mol Mg, Na₂CO₃ là a,b (mol)

=> 24a + 106.b = 13 (1)

\(n_{H_2}+n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{33,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂

______a------>a------------>a------->a________(mol)

Na₂CO₃ + H₂SO₄ --> Na₂SO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

__b---------->b----------->b------>b______________(mol)

=> a + b = 0,2 (2)

(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,1.24}{13}100\%=18,46\%\\\%Na_2CO_3=100\%-18,46\%=81,54\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) 

PTHH: \(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+2H_2O\)

_________________k------------>k_______________(mol)

\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+MgSO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow\)

____________0,1---------->0,1---------->0,1_________(mol)

\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+Na_2SO_4->BaSO_4\downarrow+2NaOH\)

____________0,1-------->0,1____________________(mol)

\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)

_0,1---------->0,1______________________________(mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{BaSO_4}=k+0,2\\n_{MgO}=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> \(233.\left(k+0,2\right)+40.0,1=62,25\)

=> k = 0,05 (mol)

=> n_H2SO4 = 0,1 + 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,25 (mol)

=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{0,25}{1}=0,25\left(l\right)=250ml\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\%.500.1,12}{98}=1,12\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ MgO+H_2SO_4 \rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\\ CaCO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CaSO_4+CO_2+H_2O\\ TH1:axit.hết\\ n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgO}=\dfrac{18-0,1.10}{40}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)< 1,12\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow LoạiTH1\\ TH2:axit.dư\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+100b=18\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,2.40}{18}.100\approx44,444\%\Rightarrow\%m_{CaCO_3}\approx55,556\%\)

\(b,m_{ddB}=m_A+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{CO_2}=18+500.1,12-0,1.44=573,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=1,12-0,3=0,82\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,82.98}{573,6}.100\approx14,01\%\\ C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111}{573,6}.100\approx1,935\%\\ C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{573,6}.100\approx3,312\%\)

Đáp án A