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Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{1}{1.1981}+\dfrac{1}{2.1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{25.2005}\)
\(\Rightarrow1980A=\dfrac{1980}{1.1981}+\dfrac{1980}{2.1982}+...+\dfrac{1980}{25.2005}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{1980}\left[\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
Mặt khác: \(B=\dfrac{1}{1.26}+\dfrac{1}{2.27}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980.2005}\)
\(\Rightarrow25B=\dfrac{25}{1.26}+\dfrac{25}{2.27}+...+\dfrac{25}{1980.2005}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{27}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{27}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{25}\left[\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
Do đó A:B=\(\dfrac{1}{1980}:\dfrac{1}{25}=\dfrac{5}{396}\)
Vậy A:B=\(\dfrac{5}{396}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1980}.\left(\frac{1981-1}{1.1981}+\frac{1982-2}{2.1982}+...+\frac{1980+n-n}{n\left(1980+n\right)}+...+\frac{2005-25}{25.2005}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1980}.\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{1980+n}+...+\frac{1}{25}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1980}.\left(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}...+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right)\) (1)
\(B=\frac{1}{25}.\left(\frac{26-1}{1.26}+\frac{27-2}{2.27}+...+\frac{25+m-m}{m\left(25+m\right)}+...+\frac{2005-1980}{1980.2005}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{25}.\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{m}-\frac{1}{25+m}+...+\frac{1}{1980}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{25}.\left(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{26}+...+\frac{1}{1980}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{1980}+\frac{1}{1981}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{25}.\left(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right)\) (2)
Từ (1)(2) => A/ B = \(\frac{1}{1980}:\frac{1}{25}=\frac{5}{396}\)
Trả lời:
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Học tốt
ta có : \(\frac{1}{n\left(1980-n\right)}=\frac{1}{1980}\left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{1980+n}\right)\) ( 1 )
\(\frac{1}{m\left(25+m\right)}=\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{m}-\frac{1}{25+m}\right)\) ( 2 )
áp dụng triển khai (1) cho mỗi số hạng của A và triển khai (2) cho mỗi số hạng B , ta được :
\(A=\frac{1}{1980}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{1982}+....+\frac{1}{25}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1980}\left[\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+....+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\) (3)
\(B=\frac{1}{25}\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{27}+....+\frac{1}{1980}-\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{25}\left[\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+....+\frac{1}{1980}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
nhận thấy hai biểu thức trong hai dấu ngoặc vế bên phải của B có phần chung là :
\(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{1980}\) . do đó , sau khi rút gọn , ta được :
\(B=\frac{1}{25}\left[\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\) (4)
từ (3) Và (4) :
\(\Rightarrow A:B=\frac{25}{1980}\)
vậy , ta được \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{25}{1980}=\frac{5}{396}\)
Lời giải:
Ta có \(A=\frac{1}{1.1981}+\frac{1}{2.1982}+...+\frac{1}{25.2005}\)
\(\Rightarrow 1980A=\frac{1980}{1.1981}+\frac{1980}{2.1982}+...+\frac{1980}{25.2005}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1980A=\frac{1981-1}{1.1981}+\frac{1982-2}{2.1982}+....+\frac{2005-25}{25.2005}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1980A=1-\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{25}-\frac{1}{2005}\)
\(1980A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+..+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\) (1)
Lại có:
\(25B=\frac{25}{1.26}+\frac{25}{2.27}+...+\frac{25}{1980.2005}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 25B=\frac{26-1}{1.26}+\frac{27-2}{2.27}+...+\frac{2005-1980}{1980.2005}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 25B=1-\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{1980}-\frac{1}{2005}\)
\(25B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1980}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+....+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(25B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{1981}+\frac{1}{1982}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\) (2)
Từ \((1); (2)\Rightarrow 1980A=25B\Rightarrow \frac{A}{B}=\frac{25}{1980}=\frac{5}{396}\)
Ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.1981}+\dfrac{1}{2.1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(1980+n\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{25.2005}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1980}\left(\dfrac{1981-1}{1.1981}+\dfrac{1982-2}{2.1982}+...+\dfrac{1980+n-n}{n\left(1980+n\right)}+...+\dfrac{2005-25}{25.2005}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1980}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{1980+n}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1980}\left[\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
Lại có:
\(B=\dfrac{1}{1.26}+\dfrac{1}{2.27}+...+\dfrac{1}{m\left(m+25\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980.2005}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{26-1}{1.26}+\dfrac{27-2}{2.27}+...+\dfrac{25+m-m}{m\left(25+m\right)}+...+\dfrac{2005-1980}{1980.2005}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{25}\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{27}+...+\dfrac{1}{m}-\dfrac{1}{25+m}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{25}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{1}+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{1980}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{27}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{25}\left[\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{1981}+\dfrac{1}{1982}+...+\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{1980}}{\dfrac{1}{25}}=\dfrac{5}{396}\)
Vậy tỉ số của \(A\) và \(B\) là \(\dfrac{5}{396}\)
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