Với mọi số tự nhiên n > 2 hãy so sánh
a, A= \(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.....+\frac{1}{n^2}\)với 1
b, B=\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+......+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)với \(\frac{1}{2}\)
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\(A<\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=1-\frac{1}{n}<1\)
a ) \(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
\(< \frac{1}{4}\left(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{n}\right)< \frac{1}{2}\)
b )
\(B=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{3^2-1}+\frac{1}{5^2-1}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2-1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{4.6}+...+\frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-...+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\right)< \frac{1}{4}\).
a) Ta có :
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
\(< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}=1-\frac{1}{n}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)A < 1
b) \(B=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{6^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
vì \(1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}< 1+1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}< 2-\frac{1}{n}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2^2}.2=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{n}< 1\)
Vậy \(A< 1\)
\(B=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\right)=\frac{1}{2^2}\left(1+A\right)\)
Mà \(A< 1\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2^2}\left(1+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\)
vì bài dài quá nên mình làm từng bài 1 nhé
1. Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Do đó :
\(B< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
Nhận xét : \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
Do đó :
\(A=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2...n}.\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{2}{n+2}< 2\)