cần bao nhiêu dung dịch H2SO4 98% để điều chế 5 lít dung dịch H2SO4 4M
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- Giả sử có 100 gam dd H2SO4 98%
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.98}{100}=98\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd.H_2SO_4.98\%}=\dfrac{100}{1,84}=\dfrac{1250}{23}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{5}{92}\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4.98\%\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{5}{92}}=18,4M\)
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\(n_{H_2SO_4}=18,4.0,05=0,92\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,92.98=90,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4.10\%}=\dfrac{90,16.100}{10}=901,6\left(g\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,568}{22,4}=0,07\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(ban.đầu\right)}=5.0,3=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4\left(lấy\right)}=\dfrac{0,07}{1,5}.3=0,14\left(l\right)=140\left(ml\right)\)
Bài 10:
- Giả sử có 100 gam dd H2SO4 98%
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.98}{100}=98\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{98}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd.H_2SO_4.98\%}=\dfrac{100}{1,84}=\dfrac{1250}{23}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{5}{92}\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(dd.H_2SO_4.98\%\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{5}{92}}=18,4M\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=18,4.0,05=0,92\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,92.98=90,16\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{dd.H_2SO_4.10\%}=\dfrac{90,16.100}{10}=901,6\left(g\right)\)
Bài 11:
a) Do dd sau pư có 3 chát tan với nồng độ % bằng nhau
=> \(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=m_{ZnSO_4}=m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)
Gọi số mol Al, Zn là a, b (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
a----->1,5a------->0,5a----->1,5a
Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
b----->b--------->b----->b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5a=171a\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4}=161b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 171a = 161b
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{161}{171}\) (1)
Có: \(\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27.n_{Al}}{65.n_{Zn}}=\dfrac{27}{65}.\dfrac{161}{171}=\dfrac{483}{1235}\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=1,5a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) (2)
(1)(2) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{161}{825}\left(mol\right)\\b=\dfrac{57}{275}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(x=\dfrac{161}{825}.27+\dfrac{57}{275}.65=\dfrac{5154}{275}\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,5\dfrac{161}{825}=\dfrac{9177}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=98\left(1,5a+b\right)+\dfrac{9177}{275}=\dfrac{22652}{275}\left(g\right)\)
=> \(y=\dfrac{\dfrac{22652}{275}.100}{10}=\dfrac{45304}{55}\left(g\right)\)
mH2SO4=(3000.1,26).35%= 1323g
mddH2SO4=1323:98%=1350--> V=1350:1,84=733,69ml