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Mg + 2 H2SO4 (đ) -to-> MgSO4 + SO2 + 2 H2O
x_________2x__________________x(mol)
2 Fe + 6 H2SO4(đ) -to-> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3 SO2 + 6 H2O
y______3y_____________________1,5y(mol)
Ta có hpt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+56y=18,4\\x+1,5y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mMg= 0,3.24=7,2(g)
=> %mMg= (7,2/18,4).100=39,13%
=>%mFe= 60,87%
b) nH2SO4(tổng)=2x+3y=2.0,3+3.0,2=1,2(mol)
VddH2SO4=1,2/2=0,6(l)
a) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow56a+24b=18,4\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(3a+2b=0,6\cdot2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot56}{18,4}\cdot100\%\approx60,87\%\\\%m_{Mg}=39,13\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{SO_2}+3n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+n_{MgSO_4}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Cu + 2H2SO4 → CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
Mol: x x
PTHH: Fe + 2H2SO4 → FeSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}64x+56y=10,8\\x+y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,65\\y=-0,55\end{matrix}\right.\left(đềsai\right)\)
2al+ 6hcl-> 2alcl3+3h2
a-> 3a a 1,5a
fe+2hcl-> fecl2+h2
b->2b b b
27a+56b= 5,5
1,5a+b=4,48/22,4
=> a=0,1; b=0,05
=> %mal=0,1*27/5,5*100=49,09%
=>%mfe= 100-49,09=50,9%
mhcl= 3a+2b= 3*0,1+2*0,05=0,4
=>mddhcl= 0,4*36,5*100/14,6=100g
-> vddhcl=100/ 1,08=92,592ml
mddsau pư= 5,5+100-0,2*2=105,1
C% alcl3= 133,5*0,1/105,1*100=12,7
Cfecl2= 127* 0,05/105,1*100=6,04
\(Mg\left(x\right)+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\left(x\right)\)
\(2Al\left(y\right)+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1,5y\right)\)
\(Fe\left(z\right)+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(z\right)\)
\(Mg\left(x\right)+Cl_2\left(x\right)\rightarrow MgCl_2\)
\(2Al\left(y\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5y\right)\rightarrow2AlCl_3\)
\(2Fe\left(z\right)+3Cl_2\left(1,5z\right)\rightarrow2FeCl_3\)
Gọi số mol của Mg, Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp lần lược là x, y, z ta có
\(24x+27y+56z=26,05\left(1\right)\)
Số mol H2: \(\frac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+z=0,6\left(2\right)\)
Số mol Cl2 là: \(\frac{17,36}{22,4}=0,775\)
\(\Rightarrow x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có hệ: \(\left\{\begin{matrix}24x+27y+56z=26,05\\x+1,5y+z=0,6\\x+1,5y+1,5z=0,775\end{matrix}\right.\)
M ra đáp số âm không biết có phải do đề sai không
2Al + 3H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 (1)
Zn + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\)ZnSO4 + H2 (2)
a;nH2=\(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt nAl=a
nZn=b
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+65b=11,9\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>a=0,2;b=0,1
mAl=27.0,2=5,4(g)
%mAl=\(\dfrac{5,4}{11,9}.100\%=45,4\%\)
%mZn=100-45,4=54,6%
b;Theo PTHH 1 và 2 ta có:
nH2=nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
VH2SO4=\(\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(lít\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4-->ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
x.........x...............................x............x
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4-->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
y.........1,5y.......................0,5y.................1,5y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+27y=11,9\\x+1,5y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%Zn=\dfrac{0,1.65}{11,9}.100\%\approx54,62\%\)
\(\%Al=100\%-54,62\%=45,38\%\)
b) nH2=nH2SO4=0,4(mol)
\(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8\left(l\right)\)