Ta có :\(\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2012}}=\frac{2013-1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2012+1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)

=>\(\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2013}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2012}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)

=>\(\sqrt{2013}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}+\sqrt{2012}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}\)

Mà \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}>0\)

Vậy \(\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}>\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\)

Hay \(\frac{2012}{\sqrt{2013}}+\frac{2013}{\sqrt{2012}}>\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\)

= \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}.\sqrt{2013}\left(\sqrt{2013}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}\)

= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)}{\sqrt{2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}}+...+\frac{\left(\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2012}\right)\left(\sqrt{2013}+\sqrt{2012}\right)}{\sqrt{2012}\sqrt{2013}\left(\sqrt{2012}+\sqrt{2013}\right)}\)

= \(\frac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2013}-\sqrt{2012}}{\sqrt{2012}\sqrt{2013}}\)

= \(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\)

= \(\frac{\sqrt{2013}-1}{\sqrt{2013}}=\frac{2013-\sqrt{2013}}{2013}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

Thế vô bài toán ta được

\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2012}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2013}}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n\left(n+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{n}+\sqrt{n+1}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n.\left(n+1\right)}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)

Sau đó thế vô bài toán và làm tiếp như bác ctv là ta hoàn thành bài toán!

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=x+2011\\b=y+2011\\c=z+2011\end{cases}}\) Ta có Hệ:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+2}\left(A\right)=\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{a+2}\left(B\right)\\\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{a+2}\left(B\right)=\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+2}\left(C\right)\end{cases}}\)

Vai trò \(x,y,z\) bình đẳng

Giả sử \(c=Max\left(a;b;c\right)\) vì \(A=C\) ta có:

\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+2}=\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\sqrt{b+2}-\sqrt{b+1}\right)\)

\(=\sqrt{c+2}-\sqrt{c}=\left(\sqrt{c+2}-\sqrt{c+1}\right)+\left(\sqrt{c+1}-\sqrt{c}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+2}+\sqrt{b+1}}\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+2}+\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{c}}\left(1\right)\)

Mặt khác \(\hept{\begin{cases}c\ge a\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+1}+\sqrt{c}}\\c\ge b\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{b+2}+\sqrt{b+1}}\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{c+2}+\sqrt{c+1}}\end{cases}}\)

Suy ra \(\left(1\right)\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) (Đpcm)

Giả sử z là số lớn nhất trong 3 số 

Từ đề bài ta có:

\(\sqrt{x+2011}+\sqrt{y+2012}+\sqrt{z+2013}=\sqrt{z+2011}+\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{y+2013}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+2012}-\sqrt{x+2011}+\sqrt{y+2013}-\sqrt{y+2012}=\sqrt{z+2012}-\sqrt{z+2011}+\sqrt{z+2013}-\sqrt{z+2012}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{x+2011}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y+2013}+\sqrt{y+2012}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2012}+\sqrt{z+2011}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2013}+\sqrt{z+2012}}\)

Ta lại có:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{\sqrt{x+2012}+\sqrt{x+2011}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2012}+\sqrt{z+2011}}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{y+2013}+\sqrt{y+2012}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{z+2013}+\sqrt{z+2012}}\end{cases}}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x = y = z

Tương tự cho trường hợp x lớn nhất với y lớn nhất.

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\(\sqrt{\left(1-\sqrt{2012}\right)^2}\sqrt{2013+2\sqrt{2012}}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(1-2\sqrt{503}\right)^2}\sqrt{\left(1+\sqrt{2012}\right)^2}\)

\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2012}\right)\)

\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(1+2\sqrt{503}\right)\)

\(=\left(2\sqrt{503}-1\right)\left(2\sqrt{503}+1\right)\)

\(=4\cdot503-1\)

\(=2012-1\)

\(=2011\)