a) Cu + 2H₂SO₄ → CuSO₄ + SO₂↑ + 2H₂O

\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

\(n_{SO_2}=n_{Cu}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{20,8}.100=61,54\%\); \(\%m_{CuO}=38,46\%\)

b) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{20,8-12,8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.2+0,1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5.98}{80\%}=61,25\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CuSO_4}=0,2+0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CuSO_4}=0,3.160=48\left(g\right)\)

a, Ta có: 27n_Al + 56n_Fe = 0,83 (1)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{22,4}=0,025\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,01.27}{0,83}.100\%\approx32,53\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx67,47\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, n_H2SO4 = n_H2 = 0,025 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,025.98}{20\%}=12,25\left(g\right)\)

`2Fe + 6H_2 SO_[4(đ,n)] -> Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 \uparrow + 6H_2 O`

`0,05`        `0,15`                               `0,025`                                     `(mol)`

`Cu + 2H_2 SO_[4(đ,n)] -> CuSO_4 + SO_2 \uparrow + 2H_2 O`

`0,225`     `0,45`                         `0,225`                                          `(mol)`

`n_[SO_2]=[6,72]/[22,4]=0,3(mol)`

Gọi `n_[Fe]=x` ; `n_[Cu]=y`

`=>` $\begin{cases} \dfrac{3}{2}x+y=0,3\\56x+64y=17,2 \end{cases}$

`<=>` $\begin{cases}x=0,05\\y=0,225 \end{cases}$

  `@m_[Fe_2(SO_4)_3]=0,025.400=10(g)`

  `@m_[CuSO_4]=0,225.160=36(g)`

  `@m_[dd H_2 SO_4]=[(0,15+0,45).98]/80 .100=73,5(g)`

Sửa đề: 80% ---> 98% (80% chưa đặc nên không giải phóng SO₂ được)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow56a+64b=17,2\left(1\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(2Fe+6H_2SO_{4\left(đặc,nóng\right)}\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2\uparrow+6H_2O\)

a------>3a------------------->0,5a--------------->1,5a

\(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đặc,nóng\right)}\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\)

b----->2b------------------->b------------->b

\(\rightarrow1,5a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,5.0,05.400=10\left(g\right)\\m_{CuSO_4}=0,225.160=36\left(g\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,05.3+0,225.2\right).98}{98\%}=60\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) n Fe = a(mol) ; n Cu = b(mol)

=> 56a + 64b = 4,8(1)

n SO2 = 2,24/22,4 = 0,1(mol)

Bảo toàn e :

3n Fe + 2n Cu = 2n SO2

<=> 3a + 2b = 0,2(2)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = b = 0,04

%m Fe = 0,04.56/4,8  .100% = 46,67%

%m Cu = 100% -46,67% = 53,33%

b)

n KOH = 0,15

Ta có :

1 < n KOH / n SO2 = 0,15/0,1 = 1,5 < 2 nên muối sinh ra là Na2SO3(x mol) và NaHSO3(y mol)

2NaOH + SO2 $\to$ Na2SO3 + H2O

NaOH + SO2 $\to$ NaHSO3

Theo PTHH :

n SO2 = a + b = 0,1

n NaOH = 2a + b = 0,15

Suy ra a= 0,05 ; b = 0,05

m muối = 0,05.126 + 0,05.104 = 11,5 gam

Bài 2 :

- Gọi số mol Fe và Cu lần lượt là a, b mol

Ta có : mhh = mFe + mCu = 56a + 64b = 4,8

Bte : 3a + 2b = 0,2 

=> a = b =0,04mol

a, Ta có : mFe =n.M = 2,24g ( 46,7% )

=> %Cu = 53,3%

b, Ta thấy sau phản ứng thu được K+, SO3-2 xmol, HSO3- y mol

BtS : x + y = 0,1 

BTĐT : 2x + y = 0,15 

=> x =y = 0,05 mol

=> mM = mK2SO3 + mKHSO3 = 13,9g

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

0,2     0,2               0,2       0,2

\(a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{20}.100\%=56\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)

\(b,C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

  \(1\)          \(1\)                             \(1\)

  \(0,2\)        \(0,2\)                      \(0,2\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Fe}=n.M=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)

\(^0/_0Fe=\dfrac{11,2}{20}.100^0/_0=56^0/_0\)

\(^0/_0Cu=100^0/_0-56^0/_0=44^0/_0\)

\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)

nH2=2,24/22,4=0,1(mol)

PTHH:

Fe + H2SO4 - FeSO4 + H2

1    -    1        -     1        -   1          (mol)

0,1  -    0,1     -    0,1      -    0,1      (mol)

Theo PTHH, ta có:

nFe=0,1 (mol)

mFe=0,1*56=5,6(g)

%mFe=5,6/13 *100=43%

mCu=mhh-mFe=13-5,6=7.4(g)

%mCu=7.4/13 *100=56,9%

a) 

$Cu + 2H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + SO_2 + H_2O$
$2Fe  + 6H_2SO_4 \to Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$

b) n Cu =a (mol) ; n Fe = b(mol)

=> 64a + 56b = 12(1)

n SO2 = a + 1,5b = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25(2)

(1)(2) suy ra a = b = 0,1

%m Cu = 0,1.64/12  .100% = 53,33%
%m Fe = 100% -53,33% = 46,67%

c)

n CuSO4 = a = 0,1(mol)

n Fe2(SO4)3 = 0,5a = 0,05(mol)

m muối = 0,1.160  + 0,05.400 = 36(gam)

d) n H2SO4 = 2n SO2 = 0,5(mol)

V H2SO4 = 0,5/2 = 0,25(lít)

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