a, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}=\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)

b, Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{3a}{4c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)

c, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot b}{dk\cdot d}=\dfrac{b^2k}{d^2k}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

\(\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2\left(k-1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)

Do đó \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}\)

d, Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)

Ta có \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk\cdot dk}{bd}=k^2\)

\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2+d^2k^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2+d^2\right)}{b^2+d^2}=k^2\)

Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=k^2\)

\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=k^2\)

Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}\)

a, ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}\)

áp dụng tính chất dă y tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{2b}{2d}=\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{c+2d}=\dfrac{2a-b}{2c-d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+2b}{2a-b}=\dfrac{c+2d}{2c-d}\) (ĐPCM)

b, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}\)

áp dụng tính chất dă tỉ số bằng nhau ta có :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3c}{3d}=\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+3c}{b+3d}=\dfrac{a-c}{b-d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+3c\right)\left(b-d\right)=\left(b+3d\right)\left(a-c\right)\) (ĐPCM)

Đặt a/b=c/d=k

=>a=bk; c=dk

\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)

\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3k^3+b^3}{d^3k^3+d^3}=\dfrac{b^3}{d^3}\)

Do đó: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^3=\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{c^3+d^3}\)

Ta đặt:

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\) => \(a=b\times k\) ; \(c=d\times k\) 

a) Ta có:  \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b\times k}{d\times k}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)  (1)

=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{b\times k+b}{d\times k+d}=\dfrac{b\times\left(k+1\right)}{d\times\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) (2)

Từ (1),(2) => đpcm

b)

\(\dfrac{a+b}{a}=\dfrac{b\times k+b}{b\times k}=\dfrac{b\times\left(k+1\right)}{b\times k}=\dfrac{k+1}{k}\) (1)

\(\dfrac{c+d}{c}=\dfrac{d\times k+d}{d\times k}=\dfrac{d\times\left(k+1\right)}{d\times k}=\dfrac{k+1}{k}\) (2)

Từ (1),(2) => đpcm

a/ Đặt :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có :

\(VT=\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}=\dfrac{bk-b}{bk+b}=\dfrac{b\left(k-1\right)}{b\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\)\(\left(1\right)\)

\(VP=\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{dk-d}{dk+d}=\dfrac{d\left(k-1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}=\dfrac{k-1}{k+1}\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)

b/ Đặt :

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(VT=\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2bk+5b}{3bk-4b}=\dfrac{b\left(2k+5\right)}{b\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(1\right)\)

\(VP=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}=\dfrac{2dk+5d}{3dk-4d}=\dfrac{d\left(2k+5\right)}{d\left(3k-4\right)}=\dfrac{2k+5}{3k-4}\left(2\right)\)

Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrowđpcm\)

a) Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

Từ \(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{c-d}{c+d}=\dfrac{a-b}{a+b}\)

b) Từ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}\)

Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{2a}{2c}=\dfrac{3a}{3c}=\dfrac{4b}{4d}=\dfrac{5b}{5d}=\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\)

Từ \(\dfrac{2a+5b}{2c+5d}=\dfrac{3a-4b}{3c-4d}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+5b}{3a-4b}=\dfrac{2c+5d}{3c-4d}\)

Cách 1:

Ta xét tích a(c-d) và c(a-b)

Ta có: a(c-d)=ac-ad (1)

           c(a-b)=ac-bc(2)

Ta lại có \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=>ad=bc (3)

Từ (1), (2), (3) ta có a(c-d)=c(a-d). Do đó \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Cách 2:

 Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=k thì a=bk, c=dk. 

Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{bk}{bk-b}=\dfrac{bk}{b\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(1\right)\)

Xét \(\dfrac{c}{c-d}=\dfrac{dk}{dk-d}=\dfrac{dk}{d\left(k-1\right)}=\dfrac{k}{k-1}\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2)=> \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Cách 3: Ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=>\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)

Aps dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=>\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)

=>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}=>\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{d}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a}-1=\dfrac{d}{c}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b-a}{a}=\dfrac{d-c}{c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a-b}{a}=\dfrac{c-d}{c}\)

hay \(\dfrac{a}{a-b}=\dfrac{c}{c-d}\)(đpcm)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)

mà \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{aa}{bb}=\dfrac{a^2+a^2}{b^2+b^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2.2}{b^2.2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)

Chúc bạn học tốt!

Từ giả thiết \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)=>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)=>\(\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)=\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)

=> \(\dfrac{ab}{cd}=\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\) (đpcm). Tick đúng cho tui nhé