Đặt Tử số là A ta có

\(2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+..+2^{2016}\)

\(A=2A-A=2^{2016}-1\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2^{2016}-1}{1-2^{2016}}=\frac{-\left(1-2^{2016}\right)}{1-2^{2016}}=-1\)

\(S=\frac{1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2015}}{1-2^{2016}}\)

\(\Rightarrow2S=\frac{2\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2015}\right)}{1-2^{2016}}\)

\(\Rightarrow2S=\frac{2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2016}}{1-2^{2016}}\)

\(\Rightarrow2S-S=\frac{2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2016}}{1-2^{2016}}-\frac{1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2015}}{1-2^{2016}}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2^{2016}-1}{1-2^{2016}}=-1\)

Khi nào có bài khó thì cứ đăng lên nhé, mình sẽ giúp ^.^

Bài 1 : 

Ta có :

\(A=\frac{10^{17}+1}{10^{18}+1}=\frac{\left(10^{17}+1\right).10}{\left(10^{18}+1\right).10}=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)

Mà : \(\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}>\frac{10^{18}+1}{10^{19}+1}\)

Mà \(A=\frac{10^{18}+10}{10^{19}+10}\)nên \(A>B\)

Vậy \(A>B\)

Bài 2 :

Ta có :

\(S=\frac{2013}{2014}+\frac{2014}{2015}+\frac{2015}{2016}+\frac{2016}{2013}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{2014-1}{2014}+\frac{2015-1}{2015}+\frac{2016-1}{2016}+\frac{2013+3}{2013}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=1-\frac{1}{2014}+1-\frac{1}{2015}+1-\frac{1}{2016}+1+\frac{3}{2013}\)

\(\Rightarrow S=4+\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)\)

Vì \(\frac{1}{2013}>\frac{1}{2014}>\frac{1}{2015}>\frac{1}{2016}\)nên  \(\frac{3}{2013}-\left(\frac{1}{2014}+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\right)>0\)

Nên : \(M>4\)

Vậy \(M>4\)

Bài 3 : 

Ta có :

\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+.......+\frac{1}{100^2}\)

Suy ra : \(A< \frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{3.5}+....+\frac{1}{99.101}\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{2.4}+......+\frac{2}{99.101}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}-......-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+.....+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+......+\frac{1}{101}\right)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}-\frac{1}{101}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{4}\)

Vậy \(A< \frac{3}{4}\)

Bài 4 :

\(a)A=\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015.2017}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{2015}-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{2017}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{2016}{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)

Vậy \(A=\frac{1008}{2017}\)

\(b)\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+\frac{1}{5.7}+......+\frac{1}{x\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{1008}{2017}\)

\(\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+\frac{2}{5.7}+......+\frac{2}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)

\(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+.....+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)

\(1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{2016}{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{2016}{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{2017}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+2=2017\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2017-2=2015\)

Vậy \(x=2015\)

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