Complete the sentences with one of the prepositions from the box.

ABOUT – ACROSS – ALONG – BEHIND – BELOW – BY – FOR - FROM – NEAR – OF - OFF – ON – OVER – THROUGH – THROUGHOUT – TO - UNDER – UP - WITH

1. The police prevented the protesters _______________ entering the building.
2. Could you please take your feet _______________ the table?
3. According _______________ the latest report, the virus is spreading very quickly.
4. About a third of the Netherlands is _______________ sea level.
5. The cat jumped _______________ the wall into my neighbour's garden.
6. I have been living _______________ my parents for a long time. It's hard to leave them.
7. _______________ the club rules, we are not allowed to let non-members play.
8. Today, scientists know that there is no water _______________ the moon.
9. The school is _______________ the post office.
10. The match has been cancelled because _______________ the bad weather.
11. We have been _______________ a lot lately. I hope things will get better soon.
12. He ran _______________ the hill until he was out of breath.
13. I don't know where the place is. It's not _______________ any map I've seen.
14. There is a police car _______________ us. I think they want us to pull over.
15. I have just read an interesting book _______________ JFK's assassination.
16. He worked _______________ the day and most of the evening.
17. Gun powder was invented _______________ the Chinese.
18. Everyone was at the meeting, except _______________ Jane. She was ill.
19. The dog ran _______________ the road and hid _______________ the tree.
20. We walked _______________ the beach for at least a mile before we saw the first house.

1.     Complete the summary with the words from the box.

Serious environmental problems are being (1) ………………… by large (2) ………………… of disposable plastic products. Therefore, people are finding (3) ………………… ways to reuse and (4) ………………… plastic. The EcoARK is a(n) (5) ………………… made with bottle-shaped bricks. ­ ese bricks were made from (6) ………………… tons of plastic waste. Another example is the world’s (7) ………………… plastic bridge, built with 50 tons of plastic waste. It is strong and doesn’t require much work to maintain. Finally, the Plastiki is a sailboat built from 12,000 plastic bottles. It sailed (8) ………………… the Pacific Ocean to make people (9) ………………… of (10) ………………… in the ocean. Before you throw away something made of plastic, think of a creative way to reuse or recycle it.

Question I. Complete the passage with the given words in the box.

Natural (1)……………............. can be destructive; they can wreak havoc across large areas and cause loss of life or (2)…………….............  to property. We cannot prevent natural disasters, but we can prepare  for them. The first (3)…………….............  is to learn about the risks in your area and read the information about natural disasters on local government sites. Next, find out  what the  rescue  and  emergency workers advise. These (4)………............have been trained to deal with disasters, have been through lots of them and know how to help. Make sure you have all the emergency contact (5)……………........... entered  in  your  mobile phone.  It  is  also  important that you put together an emergency supply kit. Your emergency supply kit should include (6)……………...........  , water, medications, personal hygiene items, copies of personal documents and some money. You may also need some extra (7)………….............if  you live in a cold climate. Natural disasters can force people to leave their homes so you should also (8)……………............. familiar with  the  guidelines for  evacuation. Plan safe places to meet your family and get to know the evacuation routes and shelters.

IV. Read the text below. Complete the gaps (1-3) with appropriate words A-F from the box to obtain a
grammatically and lexically correct text. Fill in the gaps with appropriate letters. There are three
extra words that do not match any of the gaps.

A. invented

B. designed

C. discovered

D. planned

E. first

F. early

CALENDARS
These days, everybody uses calendars to note important dates like birthdays, but when did we start
measuring time?
Until recently, experts believed that people in the Near East made the 1) ………………..……. calendar
5,000 years ago. However, they then 2) ………………..……. an ancient site in Scotland from over
10,000 years ago. At the site, there were 12 holes in the ground. Scientists think that people
3) ………………..……. them to track the movement of the Moon and measure time. It’s an exciting discovery because it shows that people had calendars many centuries ago.

Read the Learn this! box. Complete it with the words below. Use the article to help you.

affirmative          negative          plural          questions          singular

Exercise 1: The words in blue below are used in the reading passage on pages 95–96. Which of these words are antonyms (words with opposite meanings)? Complete the sentences. 

1. Answer: is the opposite of in danger. 

2. Answer: is the opposite of fall. 

3. Answer: is the opposite of warm. 

4. Answer: is the opposite of under 

KEY PHRASES Complete the useful phrases with the words below. Underline them in the sample.

page          recommend          set          tells          twists

Describing stories

It's (1) ______________ in (place and / or time).

It (2) ______________ the story of (character).

There are lots of (3) ______________ and turns.

It’s a real (4) ______________-turner.

I would definitely (5) ______________ it.