a.

\(\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{3}=\frac{x+y+z}{15+5+3}=\frac{10}{23}\) [theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau]

=> x = 10/23 * 15 = 150/23

y = 10/23 * 5 = 50/23

z = 10/23 * 93 = 30/23

b.

\(\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{30}=\frac{3y}{15}=\frac{z}{3}=\frac{2x-3y+z}{30-15+3}=\frac{32}{18}=\frac{16}{9}\)[theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau]

=> 2x = 16/9 * 30 = 160/3 => x = 80/3

3y = 16/9 * 15 = 80/3 => y = 80/9

z = 16/9 * 3 = 48/9

c.

\(\frac{x}{15}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{z}{3}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{15}=\frac{2y}{10}=\frac{3z}{9}=\frac{x+2y-3z}{15+10-9}=\frac{14}{16}=\frac{7}{8}\)[theo tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau]

=> x = 7/8 * 15 = 105/8

2y = 7/8 * 10 = 70/8 => y = 35/8

3z = 7/8 * 9 = 63/8 => z = 21/8

\(A=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.5+5^2-4x.x+4x.6\)

\(=4x^2-20x+25-4x^2+24x=4x+25\)

\(B=\left(7x-3y\right)^2-\left(7x-3y\right)\left(7x+3y\right)\)

\(=\left(7x-3y\right)\left(7x-3y-7x-3y\right)\)

\(=\left(7x-3y\right)\left(-6y\right)=18y^2-42xy\)

\(C=\left(3-2x\right)^2+\left(3+2x\right)^2\)

\(=9-2.3.2x+4x^2+9+2.3.2x+4x^2\)

\(=18+8x^2\)

\(D=\left(x-y+z\right)^2+\left(z-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y+x\right)\left(y-z\right)\)

\(=\left(x-y+z+z-y\right)^2=x^2\)

\(\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{5}\)⇒\(\dfrac{x}{-6}=\dfrac{y}{10}\)

\(\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)⇒\(\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{35}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{x}{-6}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{35}\)

⇒\(\dfrac{2x}{-12}=\dfrac{3y}{30}=\dfrac{z}{35}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:

\(\dfrac{2x}{-12}=\dfrac{3y}{30}=\dfrac{z}{35}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{-12-30+35}=\dfrac{42}{-7}=-6\)

⇒\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-6.-6=36\\y=-6.10=-60\\z=-6.35=-210\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{-6}=\dfrac{y}{10};\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{7}\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{35}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{-6}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{35}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{-6}=\dfrac{y}{10}=\dfrac{z}{35}=\dfrac{2x}{-12}=\dfrac{3y}{30}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{-12-30+35}=\dfrac{42}{-7}=-6\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=36\\y=-60\\z=-210\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,6x=4y=z\Rightarrow\dfrac{6x}{12}=\dfrac{4y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{12}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{12}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}=\dfrac{z}{12}=\dfrac{2x}{4}=\dfrac{3y}{9}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{4-9+12}=\dfrac{42}{7}=6\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=18\\z=72\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,x=-2y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{-2}=y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{-4}=\dfrac{y}{2}\\ 7y=2z\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{7}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{-4}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{7}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{-4}=\dfrac{y}{2}=\dfrac{z}{7}=\dfrac{2x}{-8}=\dfrac{3y}{6}=\dfrac{2x-3y+z}{-8+6+7}=\dfrac{42}{5}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{168}{5}\\y=\dfrac{84}{5}\\z=\dfrac{294}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\) và x + y + z = 49

\(\Rightarrow\frac{12x}{18}=\frac{12x}{16}=\frac{12x}{15}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{18}=\frac{x}{16}=\frac{x}{15}\)

áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau , ta có :

\(\frac{x}{18}=\frac{x}{16}=\frac{x}{15}=\frac{x+y+z}{18+16+15}=\frac{49}{49}=1\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{18}=1\rightarrow x=18\)

\(\frac{x}{16}=1\rightarrow x=16\)

\(\frac{x}{15}=1\rightarrow x=15\)

Ta có:\(\frac{2x}{3}=\frac{3y}{4}=\frac{4z}{5}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{18}=\frac{y}{16}=\frac{z}{15}\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta có:

   \(\frac{x}{18}=\frac{y}{16}=\frac{z}{15}=\frac{x+y+z}{18+16+15}=\frac{49}{49}=1\)

Vậy\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=18\\y=16\\z=15\end{cases}}\)

Ta có : \(\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{7}=\frac{z}{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x}{5}\right)^2=\left(\frac{y}{7}\right)^2=\left(\frac{z}{3}\right)^2=\frac{x^2}{5^2}=\frac{y^2}{7^2}=\frac{z^2}{3^2}\)\(=\frac{x^2}{25}=\frac{y^2}{49}=\frac{z^2}{9}=\frac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{25+49-9}=\frac{585}{65}=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x=9.5=45\)

     \(y=9.7=63\)

     \(z=9.3=27\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:

a.

\(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{2x}{6}=\dfrac{4y}{20}=\dfrac{2x+4y}{6+20}=\dfrac{28}{26}=\dfrac{14}{13}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3.\dfrac{14}{13}=\dfrac{52}{13}\\y=5.\dfrac{14}{13}=\dfrac{70}{13}\end{matrix}\right.\)

(Em có nhầm đề 26 thành 28 ko nhỉ, số xấu quá)

b.

\(4x=5y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{3x}{15}=\dfrac{-2y}{-8}=\dfrac{3x-2y}{15-8}=\dfrac{35}{7}=5\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5.5=25\\y=4.2=20\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

\(\dfrac{x}{-3}=\dfrac{y}{-7}=\dfrac{2x}{-6}=\dfrac{4y}{-28}=\dfrac{2x+4y}{-6-28}=\dfrac{68}{-34}=-2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3.\left(-2\right)=6\\y=-7.\left(-2\right)=14\end{matrix}\right.\)

d.

\(\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{-3}=\dfrac{z}{4}=\dfrac{4x}{8}=\dfrac{-3y}{9}=\dfrac{-2z}{-8}=\dfrac{4x-3y-2z}{8+9-8}=\dfrac{16}{9}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2.\dfrac{16}{9}=\dfrac{32}{9}\\y=-3.\dfrac{16}{9}=-\dfrac{48}{9}\\z=4.\dfrac{16}{9}=\dfrac{64}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)