VI. Read the text and classify the following statements.

There are eight other planets that travel around the sun. These planets, in order, include Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Earth is located between Venus and Mars. The path the planets use when traveling around the sun is oval-shaped and is called its orbit. Each of the planets in the solar system take a different amount of time to orbit the Sun.

Earth takes 365 days or one year to orbit the Sun. The other planets take more or less time to orbit the Sun. It takes Mercury 88 days to travel around the Sun, which is the shortest orbit time compared to other planets. The planet taking the longest time to go around the Sun is Neptune. It takes Neptune almost 165 years to travel around the Sun.

Normally, planets located closer to the sun are hotter than planets farther away. Mercury is the planet nearest the sun, and it can have a temperature of 427°C– much hotter than an oven. Venus is not the planet nearest the sun, but it is the hottest, because it has thick clouds. These clouds let the sun’s heat in, but do not let it out. The temperature on Venus can be 460°C.

The four inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are made of rock containing many different minerals. The four outer planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are mostly made up of different gases. Jupiter is made mainly of helium, hydrogen, and water. The four outer planets also have rings that encircle them, with Saturn having the most rings.

Other objects in space include the moons of these six planets. A moon is a celestial object (object in space) that orbits another body in space. There are approximately 173 moons throughout the solar system. Earth has a single moon, Mercury and Venus have none, and the planet with the most moons is Jupiter with 63. Not far behind Jupiter is Saturn with 62 moons.Mars has 2 moons named Phobos and Deimos.

Classify the following statements (1-12) as they relate to the given planets. Write the names of the planet next to the statements.

1.    It is the farthest planet from the Sun. ………………..                               

2.    It is the hottest planet. ………………..

3.    It takes the shortest time to orbit the Sun. ………………..

4.    It takes the longest time to go around the Sun. ………………..

5.    The temperature on its surface is about 427°C. ………………..

6.    It has the most rings. ………………..

7.    It has only one moon. ………………..

8.    It has 63 moons. ………………..

9.    It has 62 moons. ………………..

10.  It is located between Venus and Mars. ………………..

11.  It has two moons known as Deimos and Phobos. ………………..

12.  It is made mainly of helium, hydrogen, and water. ………………..

Read the dialogue and then decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Write True or False in your answersheet:

A planet is a body in space that revolves around a star. There are nine planets in our solar system, and these nine planets travel around the sun. The names of the planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. Planets travel in orbits around their stars . All of the planets of the solar system revolve in elliptical orbits. In other words, their orbits are like large, flat circles. The time that it takes a planet to make one revolution around the sun is called its year. The Greek were the first people to recognize and give names to some of the planets. The word planet comes from a Greek word meaning wanderer. If a person wanders, this means that he goes from one place to another and does not have a home. The Greek thought that the planets “wandered” in the sky. However, modern scientists can predict the movement of the planets very accurately

____ 1/ A planet revolves around the Earth.

____2/ Venus, Mars and Neptune are planets and stars.

____ 3/ The Greek were the first to recognize some of the planets.

____ 4/ The planets in our solar system travel around the sun and in elliptical orbits

The following are the eight planets that go around the sun:

Put them in order from the closest to the farthest from the sun. This sentence will help you learn the order of the planets:

My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Noodles.

1. _________   2. _________   3. __________

4. _________   5. _________   6. __________

Nam these planets in Vietnamese.

     Jupiter is the largest and most massive planet and is fifth in order of distance from the sun. It is well placed for observation for several months in every year and on average is the brightest of the planets apart from Venus, though for relatively brief periods Mars may outshine it. Jupiter's less than 10 hour rotation period gives it the shortest day in the solar system in so far as the principal planets are concerned. There are no true seasons on Jupiter because the axial inclination to the perpendicular of the orbital plane is only just over 3°-less than that for any other planet.

     The most famous mark on Jupiter is the Great Red Spot. It has shown variations in both intensity and color, and at times it has been invisible, but it always returns after a few years. At its greatest extent it may be 40,000 kilometers long and 14,000 kilometers wide, so its surface area is greater than that of Earth. Though the latitude of the Red Spot varies little, it drifts about in longitude. Over the past century the total longitudinal drift has amounted to approximately 1200°. The latitude is generally very close to -22°. It was once thought that the Red Spot might be a solid or semisolid body floating in Jupiter's outer gas. However, the Pioneer and Voyager results have refuted that idea and proven the Red Spot to be a phenomenon of Jovian meteorology. Its longevity may well due to its exceptional size, but there are signs that it is decreasing in size, and it may not be permanent. Several smaller red spots have been seen occasionally but have not lasted.

Question 36: It can be inferred from the passage that …………………….

     A. a day on Earth is shorter than a day on Jupiter

     B. there are other structures on Jupiter that has the same size as the Great Red Spot

     C. there are times when Great Red Spot cannot be observed from the earth

     D. the Great Red Spot is the only structure on Jupiter

Question 37: According to the passage, which planet typically shines the most brightly?

     A. Earth                    B. Jupiter                       C. Venus                      D. Mars

Question 38: According to the passage, the Great Red Spot …………………...

     A. has different colors                                              

     B. is as big as the earth

     C. is a solid structure floating in the air 

     D. has increased its size over the years

Question 39: The word "it” in paragraph 2 refers to ………………………….

     A. Jupiter             B. The Great Red Spot            C. intensity              D. color

Question 40: The word "exceptional" in paragraph 2 mostly means …………..

     A. extreme              B. sustainable             C. temporary              D. infrequent

Question 41: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?

     A. Jupiter is bigger than all the other planets in the solar system.

     B. A day in Jupiter is nearly 10 hours long.

     C. The Red Great Spot moves more vertically than horizontally.

     D. Scientists have proof showing that smaller red spots are increasing their size to become other Great Red Spots.

Question 42: The passage was probably taken from ………………………..

     A. an art journal                                                    B. a geology magazine

     C. a high school textbook                                     D. an archaeology book

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37. 

All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the soil does not contain enough (33) _____ nutrients, some plants have adapted to supplement their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous plants are (34)_____ fascinating beings that “eat” anything from one-celled organisms to insects in order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of “traps” to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil. While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more prevalent than others.

The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together. Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (35) _____ to movement. When the plant’s prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes together, trapping the prey securely inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal (36)_____ speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their grip. The plant then secrets liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all of its nutrients. Besides the Venus flytrap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (37)_____ to as the waterwheel plant. The two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant, while the flytrap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the flytrap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders, while the waterwheel lives off simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.

Điền vào số (36)

A. in accordance with    

B. in preference to          

C. in regard to       

D. on merits of

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37.

All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the soil does not contain enough (33) _____ nutrients, some plants have adapted to supplement their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous plants are (34)_____ fascinating beings that “eat” anything from one-celled organisms to insects in order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of “traps” to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil. While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more prevalent than others.

The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together. Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (35) _____ to movement. When the plant’s prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes together, trapping the prey securely inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal (36)_____ speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their grip. The plant then secrets liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all of its nutrients. Besides the Venus flytrap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (37)_____ to as the waterwheel plant. The two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant, while the flytrap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the flytrap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders, while the waterwheel lives off simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.

Điền vào số (33)

A. critical   

B. vital        

C. crucial    

D. indispensable

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37. 

All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the soil does not contain enough (33) _____ nutrients, some plants have adapted to supplement their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous plants are (34)_____ fascinating beings that “eat” anything from one-celled organisms to insects in order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of “traps” to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil. While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more prevalent than others.

The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together. Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (35) _____ to movement. When the plant’s prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes together, trapping the prey securely inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal (36)_____ speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their grip. The plant then secrets liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all of its nutrients. Besides the Venus flytrap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (37)_____ to as the waterwheel plant. The two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant, while the flytrap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the flytrap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders, while the waterwheel lives off simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.

Điền vào số (34)

A. nonetheless     

B. though    

C. contradictorily 

D. yet

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37. 

All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the soil does not contain enough (33) _____ nutrients, some plants have adapted to supplement their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous plants are (34)_____ fascinating beings that “eat” anything from one-celled organisms to insects in order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of “traps” to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil. While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more prevalent than others.

The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together. Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (35) _____ to movement. When the plant’s prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes together, trapping the prey securely inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal (36)_____ speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their grip. The plant then secrets liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all of its nutrients. Besides the Venus flytrap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (37)_____ to as the waterwheel plant. The two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant, while the flytrap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the flytrap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders, while the waterwheel lives off simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.

Điền vào số (35)

A. vulnerable       

B. liable      

C. prone      

D. sensitive

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 33 to 37. 

All plants rely on nutrients taken from the soil in order to survive. However, in areas where the soil does not contain enough (33) _____ nutrients, some plants have adapted to supplement their diets from another source: living organisms. Though they are few in number, carnivorous plants are (34)_____ fascinating beings that “eat” anything from one-celled organisms to insects in order to survive. They are commonly found in marshlands. Carnivorous plants feature one of several types of “traps” to ensnare prey, which they consume to make up for nutrients that may be missing from the soil. While there are over 400 species of carnivorous plants in the world today, some are more prevalent than others.

The most well-known of these plants are the snap traps, which include the Venus flytrap. Snap traps are easily identified by their leaves, which are separated into two lobes that have the ability to fold together. Inside the lobes, the surface is covered with tiny hairs that are (35) _____ to movement. When the plant’s prey brushes against the hairs, it triggers a closing mechanism that rapidly brings the two lobes together, trapping the prey securely inside. The response of the traps is phenomenal (36)_____ speed: the time between triggering the hairs and snapping shut is less than a second. As the prey struggles inside the trap, it only triggers more hairs, causing the leaves to tighten their grip. The plant then secrets liquid chemicals from special glands into the trap to dissolve the prey and absorb all of its nutrients. Besides the Venus flytrap, only one other type of snap trap exists today, (37)_____ to as the waterwheel plant. The two share a common ancestor and differ only in a few ways. For instance, the waterwheel is an aquatic plant, while the flytrap is exclusively terrestrial. In addition, the flytrap feeds primarily on arthropods like spiders, while the waterwheel lives off simple invertebrates, like certain types of plankton.

Điền vào số (37)

A. denoted

B. referred   

C. indicated          

D. implicated