Tìm giá trị lớn nhất và nhỏ nhất của hàm số : Y= 3/ 2+sin(π/3 +x)
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a)\(-1\le sinx\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge-sinx\ge-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\ge3-sinx\ge2\) \(\Leftrightarrow16\ge\left(3-sinx\right)^2\ge4\)\(\Leftrightarrow17\ge\left(3-sinx\right)^2+1\ge5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow17\ge y\ge5\)
\(y_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow sinx=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
\(y_{max}=17\Leftrightarrow\)\(sinx=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k2\pi\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
b)\(y=\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-2.sinx^2cos^2x\)\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2}.sin^22x\)
Có \(0\le sin^22x\le1\)\(\Leftrightarrow0\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}.sin^22x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge1-\dfrac{1}{2}.sin^22x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge y\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(y_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow sin^22x=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=-1\\sin2x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
\(y_{max}=1\Leftrightarrow sin2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
c)\(y=\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^3-3sin^2x.cos^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)=1-3sin^2x.cos^2x=1-\dfrac{3}{4}.sin^22x\)
Có \(0\le sin^22x\le1\)\(\Leftrightarrow0\ge-\dfrac{3}{4}.sin^22x\ge-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge1-\dfrac{3}{4}.sin^22x\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)\(\Leftrightarrow1\ge y\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(y_{min}=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow sin^22x=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\\x=-\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
\(y_{max}=1\Leftrightarrow sin2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\)\(\left(k\in Z\right)\)
Vậy...
a, Đặt \(t=sinx\left(t\in\left[-1;1\right]\right)\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=\left(3-t\right)^2+1=t^2-6t+10\)
\(\Rightarrow min=min\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=f\left(1\right)=5\)
\(\Rightarrow max=max\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=f\left(-1\right)=17\)
b, \(y=sin^4x+cos^4x=1-2sin^2x.cos^2x=1-\dfrac{1}{2}sin^22x\)
Đặt \(t=sin2x\left(t\in\left[-1;1\right]\right)\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=1-\dfrac{1}{2}t^2\)
\(\Rightarrow min=min\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(0\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow max=max\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(0\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=1\)
c, \(y=sin^6x+cos^6x\)
\(=sin^4x+cos^4x-sin^2x.cos^2x\)
\(=1-3sin^2x.cos^2x\)
\(=1-\dfrac{3}{4}sin^22x\)
Đặt \(t=sin2x\left(t\in\left[-1;1\right]\right)\)
\(y=f\left(t\right)=1-\dfrac{3}{4}t^2\)
\(\Rightarrow min=min\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(0\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow max=max\left\{f\left(-1\right);f\left(0\right);f\left(1\right)\right\}=1\)
f′(x) < 0 nên và f’(x) > 0 trên ( π /2; 5 π /6] nên hàm số đạt cực tiểu tại x = π /2 và f CT = f( π /2) = 1
Mặt khác, f( π /3) = 2 3 , f(5 π /6) = 2
Vậy min f(x) = 1; max f(x) = 2
f(x) = 2sinx + sin2x trên đoạn [0; 3 π /2]
f′(x) = 2cosx + 2cos2x = 4cos(x/2).cos3(x/2)
f′(x) = 0
⇔
Ta có: f(0) = 0,
Từ đó ta có: min f(x) = −2 ; max f(x) = 3 3 /2
y = \(\dfrac{sin^2x}{cosx\left(sinx-cosx\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
y = \(\dfrac{sin^2x}{sinx.cosx-cos^2x}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}}{\dfrac{sinx.cosx}{cos^2x}-1}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
y = \(\dfrac{tan^2x}{tanx-1}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
y = \(\dfrac{4tan^2x+tanx-1}{4tanx-4}\). Đặt t = tanx. Do x ∈ \(\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4};\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\) nên t ∈ (1 ; +\(\infty\))\
Ta đươc hàm số f(t) = \(\dfrac{4t^2+t-1}{4t-4}\)
⇒ ymin = \(\dfrac{17}{4}\) khi t = 2. hay x = arctan(2) + kπ
\(sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\in\left[-1;1\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{3}{2}+sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+x\right)\in\left[\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{5}{2}\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y_{min}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y_{max}=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)