1. This book was written by Shakespeare. He is one of the greatest playwrights of all time.

=> This book was written by Shakespeare who is one of the greatest playwrights of all time.
2. Have you met the man? He came here this morning.

=> Have you met the man whom came here this morning.
3. I'd like to visit the Citadel in Hue city. It was built under the Nguyen Dynasty.

=> I'd like to visit the Citadel in Hue city which was built under the Nguyen Dynasty.
4. The car belongs to Mr. Hai. It was broken in the accident yesterday.

=> The car which was broken in the accident yesterday belongs to Mr. Hai.

Replace the relative clause in each of the following sentences with a non-finite from of the verb.

1. At the station we were met by a man who was carrying a balck briefcase.

=> At the station we were met by a man carrying a black briefcase.

2. The next train that will arrive is from Edinburch

=> The next train arriving is from Edinburch.

3. Anyone who did not hear that noise must have been stone deaf.

=> Anyone not hearing that noise must have been stone deaf.

4. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.

=> The castle, burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never built.

5. Any driver who does not have a licence ought to be sent to prison right away.

=> Any driver not having a licence ought to be sent to prison right away.

6.The train which was standing at platform six is for Bristol.

=> The train standing at platform six is for Bristol.

7. Any article that is left on the bus will be taken to the Lost Property Office.

=> Any article left on the bus will be taken to the Lost Property Office.

8. Everybody, who heard the noise, jumped up in alarm.

=> Everybody hearing the noise jumped up in alarm.

9. The last problem, which should be considered at out next meeting, is how to invest the money.

=> The last problem to be considered at out next meeting is how to invest the money.

10. The best man who you can see for your eye trouble is Doctor Edwards.

=> The best man to see for your eye trouble is Doctor Edwards.

11. We collided with a car which was driven by a young man without a license.

=> We collided with a car driven by a young man without a license.

12. A car, which was coming unexpectededly out of a side street, crashed into us.

=> A car coming unexpectedly out of a side street crashed into us.

13. The first man who flew non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.

=> The first man to fly non-stop across the Atlantic was John Alcock.

14. The cheapest place where we can eat is the cafeteria.

=> The cheapest place to eat is the cafeteria.

15. He was accompanied by a porter who weighed at least 150 kilos.

=> He was accompained by a porter weighing at least 150 kilos.

Combine the pair or group of sentences using relative clause and/or non-finite clauses

1. Noticing the door was open, I decided to go in. This turned out to be a mistake

=> Noticing the door was open, I decided to go in, which turned out to be a mistake.

2. At the end of the street there was a building. The street was crowded with shoppers. Tom had not noticed the building before.

=> At the end of the street, which was crowded with shoppers, there was a building which Tom had not noticed before.

3. Some people have just moved in next door l. They have the same surname as some other people. Those other people have just moved out

=> Some people who have just moved in next door have the same surname as some other people who have just moved out.

4. Mary didn't know anything about mountains l. She thought it would be quite safe to climb alone

=> Mary, who didn't know anything about mountains, though it would be quite safe to climb alone.

10. She wore a coat to the party. It was similar to a coat. I have got a coat at home

=> She wore a coat to the party which was similar to the one that I have got at home.

There was a time when dinosaurs dominated the Earth.

We enjoyed the city where we spent our vacation.

The young man who threw the stone was arrested

Some people who were arrested have now been released.

The man to whom I talked yesterday was very kind

The man about whom I am telling you teaches me English.

The picture at which she was looking was beautiful.

1. George Beauchamp, who was an American inventor, invented the electric guitar in 1932.

(George Beauchamp, một nhà phát minh người Mỹ, đã phát minh ra đàn guitar điện vào năm 1932.)

2. Philo T. Farnsworth, who was the first television's inventor, invented it in 1927.

(Philo T. Farnsworth, người phát minh ra tivi đầu tiên, đã phát minh ra nó vào năm 1927.)

3. Tom Kilburn, who developed the first software in 1948, worked for the University of Manchester.

(Tom Kilburn, người phát triển phần mềm đầu tiên vào năm 1948, làm việc cho Đại học Manchester.)

4. Edward Jenner, who created the first vaccine in 1796, was a country doctor in England.

(Edward Jenner, người đã tạo ra vắc-xin đầu tiên vào năm 1796, là một bác sĩ nông thôn ở Anh.)

1. John is very sad because he fails the exam

2. Although it was cold, Tom still went swimming

3. If the weather wasn't bad, we could go hiking in the mountains 

Câu điều kiện loại 2: Diễn tả một sự việc hoặc một hành động không có thật ở hay không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai

If + S + V_2/ed , S + would/ could/ might/ should.... + V

4. Some of my books have been taken away 

( Câu bị động ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành )

Combine the pair or group of sentences usibg relative clause and/or non-finite clause

1 She said that the men were thieves. This turned out to be true

=> She said that the man were thieves, which turned out to be true.

2. The matter was reported to the Chief of Plolice. He ordered us all to be arrested

=> The matter was reported to the Chief of Police, who ordered us all to be arrested.

3. we share the same room with a handcuffed prisoner. His handcuffs rattled every time he moved

=> We shared the same room with a handcuffed prisoner, whose handcuffs rattled every time he moved.

4. Mr. White didn't get a seat on the train this morning. This put him in a bad temper and caused him to be very rude to his junior clerk

=> Mr. White didn't get a seat on the train this morning, which put him in a bad temper and caused him to be very rude to his junior clerk.

5. The goalkeeper's leg is still in bandages. He will have to watch the match from the stand

=> The goalkeeper, whose leg is still in bandages, will have to watch the match from the stand.