Cho các số x,y,z khác 0 và thoả mãn : 1/x+1/y+1/z=0 Chứng minh rằng x2(y+z)+y2(z+x)+3xyz=0
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ta co: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}=0\)
=> x + y + z = 0
Lai co: x3 + y3 +z3 - 3xyz = (x+y+z).(x2+y2+z2 - xy - yz - zx)
x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = 0
=> x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz
ta co: \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}.\)
=> 1/xy + 1/yz + 1/xz = 0
=> x + y + z = 0
Lai co: x3 + y3 +z3 - 3xyz = (x+y+z).(x2+y2+z2 - xy - yz - zx)
x3 + y3 + z3 - 3xyz = 0
=> x3 + y3 + z3 = 3xyz
(x+y+z)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2
=>2(xy+yz+xz)=0
=>xy+xz+yz=0
=>xy/xyz+xz/xyz+yz/xyz=0
=>1/x+1/y+1/z=0
Có VT = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xy}-\dfrac{2}{yz}-\dfrac{2}{zx}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|=VP\) (Vì x + y + z = 0)
(x+y+z)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2
=>x^2+y^2+z^2+2(xy+yz+xz)=x^2+y^2+z^2
=>2(xy+yz+xz)=0
=>xy+yz+xz=0
1/x+1/y+1/z
=(xz+yz+xy)/xyz
=0/xyz=0
Lời giải:
Đặt $\frac{a}{x}=\frac{b}{y}=\frac{c}{z}=t$
$\Rightarrow a=xt; b=yt; c=zt$. Ta có:
$a+b+c=xt+yt+zt=t(x+y+z)=t$
$a^2+b^2+c^2=t^2(x^2+y^2+z^2)=t^2$
$ab+bc+ac=\frac{(a+b+c)^2-(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{2}=\frac{t^2-t^2}{2}=0$
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có: \(\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-yz-zx-3xy\right)}{x+y+z}\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\ge0\left(\forall x,y,z\right)\)
=> đpcm
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+0}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{2}{yz}+\dfrac{2}{zx}}=\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right|\) là số hữu tỉ