a) Gọi số mol Al, Fe là a, b (mol)

=> 27a + 56b = 13,9 (1)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

             a--->3a--------------->1,5a

             Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

             b-->2b---------------->b

=> 1,5a + b = 0,35 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,1; b = 0,2

n_HCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)

=> m_HCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)

b) 

m_Al = 0,1.27 = 2,7 (g)

m_Fe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)

Em đăng sang môn Hoá nha

\(2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Al}=a;n_{Fe}=b\\ 27a+56b=8,3\\ 1,5a+b=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\\ a=b=0,1\\ m_{Al}=27\cdot0,1=2,7g\\ m_{Fe}=8,3-2,7=5,6g\\ a=\dfrac{3a+2b}{500}\cdot36,5=3,65\%\\ m_{ddsau}=508,3-0,25\cdot2=507,8g\\ C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{133,5a}{507,8}=2,63\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127b}{507,8}=2,50\%\)

\(4.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(0.15.....0.3....................0.15\)

\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.5}=0.6\left(M\right)\)

\(5.\)

\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=56a+27b=8.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(\Rightarrow a+1.5b=0.25\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=b=0.1\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{5.6}{8.3}\cdot100\%=67.47\%\)

\(\%Al=32.53\%\)

bạn ơi cho mik hỏi: tại sao lại suy ra: a+1,5b=0,25 vậy ạ ? và cả bước tiếp theo nx ạ ?

m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 thôi em nhé, Cu không phản ứng nên không cộng thêm vào.

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

a) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{10}.100\%=56\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-56\%=44\%\)

b) Theo Pt : \(n_{H2}=2n_{HCl}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{7,3\%}.100\%=100\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ddspu}=10+100-0,1.2=109,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.127}{109,8}.100\%=11,57\%\)

Bài 1:

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{26,82}.100\approx20,134\%\\\Rightarrow \%m_{Al_2O_3}\approx79,866\%\\ b,n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{26,82-5,4}{102}=0,21\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=6.0,21+2.0,3=1,86\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,86}{2}=0,93\left(l\right)=930\left(ml\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=930.1,12=1041,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{AlCl_3}=2.0,21+0,2=0,62\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,62.133,5}{1041,6-0,3.2}.100\approx7,951\%\)

2)

a) Gọi KL và oxit của nó là M và MO

n_HCl = 4.0,25 = 1 (mol)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: M + 2HCl --> MCl₂ + H₂

          0,3<-0,6<--------------0,3

            MO + 2HCl --> MCl₂ + H₂O

          0,2<---0,4

=> 0,3.M_M + 0,2.(M_M + 16) = 31,2

=> M_M = 56 (g/mol)

=> Kim loại là Sắt (Fe)

b) 

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3.56}{31,2}.100\%=53,85\%\\\%m_{FeO}=\dfrac{0,2.72}{31,2}.100\%=46,15\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25(mol)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(b,\) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=x(mol);n_{Al}=y(mol)\)

\(\Rightarrow 56x+27y=8,3(1)\)

Theo PTHH: \(x+1,5y=0,25(2)\)

\((1)(2)\Rightarrow x=y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{8,3}.100\%=67,47\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-67,47\%=32,53\%\)

\(a,\) Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Al}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+27y=22(1)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+1,5y=0,8(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,2(mol)\\ y=0,4(mol) \end{cases} \Rightarrow \begin{cases} \%_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.56}{22}.100\%=50,91\%\\ \%_{Al}=100\%-50,91\%=49,09\% \end{cases} \)

\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,6.36,5}{3,7\%}=1578,38\%\)