Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz; b) a 4 - 9 a 3 + a 2 - 9a;
c) 3 x 2 + 5y - 3xy + (-5x); d) x 2 - (a + b)x + ab;
e) 4 x 2 - 4xy + y 2 - 9 t 2 ; g) x 3 – 3 x 2 y + 3x y 2 – y 3 – z 3
h) x2 - y2 + 8x + 6y + 7.
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a) \(=a\left(a^3-9a^2+a-9\right)=a\left[a^2\left(a-9\right)+\left(a-9\right)\right]\)
\(=a\left(a-9\right)\left(a^2+1\right)\)
b) \(=3x\left(x-y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x-5\right)\)
c) \(=x\left(2y+z\right)+3\left(2y+z\right)=\left(2y+z\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
d) \(=x^2-ax-bx+ab=x\left(x-a\right)-b\left(x-a\right)\)
\(=\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right)\)
a) = a(a³-9a²+a-9)
b) =3x²+5y-3xy-5x
= (3x²-5x)+(5y-3xy)
=x(3x-5)+y(5-3x)
=x(3x-5)-y(3x-5)
=(3x-5)(x-y)
c)2xy +3z+6y+xz
=(2xy+6y)+(3z+xz)
=2y(x+3)+z(3+x)
=(x+3)(2y-z)
1A:
a: \(x^3+2x=x\left(x^2+2\right)\)
b: \(3x-6y=3\left(x-2y\right)\)
c: \(5\left(x+3y\right)-15x\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x+3y\right)\left(1-3x\right)\)
d: \(3\left(x-y\right)-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5x+3\right)\)
1A. a. x(x2+2)
b. 3(x-2y)
c. 5(x+3y)(1-3x)
d. (x-y) (3-5x)
1B. a. 2x(2x-3)
b.xy(x2-2xy+5)
c. 2x(x+1)(x+2)
d. 2x(y-1)+2y(y-1)=2(y-1)(x-y)
\(a,=x\left(x^2-4x+4-z^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-z^2\right]=x\left(x-z-2\right)\left(x+z-2\right)\\ b,=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-5\right)^2=\left(x-y-z+5\right)\left(x-y+z-5\right)\)
\(x^3-4x^2+4x-xz^2=x\left(x^2-4x+4-z^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-2\right)^2-z^2\right]=x\left(x-2-z\right)\left(x-2+z\right)\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-z^2+10z-25\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(z-5\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+z-5\right)\left(x-y-z+5\right)\)
a) 3x^4 - 12x^2 = 3x^2.(x^2 - 4) = 3x^2.(x - 2)(x + 2)
b) x^2 - 2xy + 3x - 6y
= x(x - 2y) + 3(x - 2y)
= (x - 2y)(x + 3)
a) 3x^4 - 12x^2
= 3x^2.x^2- 3.4x^2
= x^2-4
b) x ^2 - 2xy + 3x - 6y
=(x^2-2xy) +(3x-6y)
=x.(x-2y)+3(x-2y)
=(x-2y).(x+3)
\(M=x^2-5x+xy-5y=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(N=x^2-3x-2xy+y^2+3y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-3\right)\)\(K=2xy+3z+6y+xz=\left(x+3\right)\left(2y+z\right)\)
M= x2-5x+xy-5y= x(x-5)+y(x-5)=(x-5)(x+y)
N= x2-3x-2xy+y2+3y=(x-y)2-3(x-y)=(x-y)(x-y-3)
K= 2xy+3z+6y+xz=2y(x+3)+z(x+3)=(x+3)(2y+z)
\(a,x^2+6x=x\left(x+6\right)\\ b,9x^2-1=\left(3x\right)^2-1^2=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\\ c,x^2+2xy-9+y^2=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-9=\left(x+y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x+y-3\right)\left(x+y+3\right)\\ c,x^2-y^2-x+y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(a,=4\left(x-5y\right)\\ b,=5x\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(5x-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)^2-z^2=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
a) Cách 1.
Ta có 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz = (2xy + xz) + (3z + 6y)
= x(2 y + z)+3(z + 2 y) = (z + 2y)(x + 3).
Cách 2.
Ta có 2xy + 3z + 6y + xz = (2x1/ + 6y) + (3z + xz)
= 2y(x + 3) + z(3 + x) = (z + 2y)(x + 3).
b) Biến đổi được a 4 - 9 rt 3 + a 2 -9a = (a- 9)a( a 2 +1).
c) Biến đổi được 3 x 2 + 5y - 3xy + (-5x) = (x - y)(3x - 5).
d) Biến đổi được x 2 - (a + b)x + ab = (x- a)(x - b).
e) Ta có 4 x 2 - 4xy + y 2 – 9 t 2 = ( 2 x - y ) 2 - ( 3 t ) 2
= (2x - y - 3t )(2x - y + 31).
g) Ta có x 3 - 3 x 2 y + 3 xy 2 - y 3 - z 3
= ( x - y ) 3 - z 3 = (x - y - z)( x 2 + y 2 + z 2 - 2xy + xz - yz).
h) Ta có x 2 - y 2 + 8x + 6y+ 7 = ( x 2 +8x + 16) - ( y 2 - 6y+ 9)
= ( x + 4 ) 2 - ( y - 3 ) 2 =(x-y + 7)(x + y + l).