UNIT 7 POLLUTION

A. PHONETICS

1. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

Read the words aloud.

2. Find the word which has a different position of the main stress in each line.

B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

1. In the box below, there are different types of pollution. Write each type under a picture.

2. Put the words in brackets into the right forms to complete the sentences.

1. Many fish in the lake near my house have died because of the ………… water. (pollute)

2. My friend and I are going to give a presentation about our ………….. problems. (environment)

3. Too much use of …………… lights in cities may cause light pollution. (electricity)

4. Nowadays, people use too much herbicide so many animals don’t have enough food and they become …………. (sickness)

5. Oil spills from ships in oceans and rivers lead to the …………….. of many aquatic animals and plants. (die)

3. Choose the correct option A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. …………… water is one of the factors that have driven many species to the verge of extinction.

2. It’s recommended that we become more concerned ……………… the environment around us.

3. The …………. Use of pesticides and herbicides has led to contamination of groundwater in some areas.

4. Air ……………, together with littering, is causing many problems in our cities today.

5. Many people in this city have received medical …………. for the disease.

6. The reduction in air pollution was ………… last year.

7. In many poor nations, there are frequent outbreaks of cholera and other diseases because people there ………….. untreated water.

8. The road in front of my office is always ……….. when it rains heavily.

9. Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes global …………….

10. It won’t be possible to save the Earth if we don’t take ………… right now.

4. Fill each blank with a word/ phrase in the box.

1. If this factory continues …………. Into the lake, all the fish and other aquatic animals will die.

2. I think there is ………….. around here because all trees and plants turn yellow and dry.

3. When thermal pollution happens, the ………….. in rivers, lakes and oceans changes.

4. Soil pollution happens when people destroy the ……………….

5. Poison is a ………….. that can make people or animals ill or kill them if they eat or dink it.

6. They are all ……………. to see that all the fish they grow on their farm are dead.

7. You can see stars at night in the countryside because there isn’t any …….. there.

8. Many households around the West Lake dump …………. into it so the water is polluted.

9. The vegetable price is increasing because the ……………. rain has caused damage to almost vegetable in this area.

10. The …………. chemical waste in this factory is dumped into the river so its water now becomes almost black.

C. READING

1. Read the following paragraph and complete it which one suitable word.

   Think of all the things you throw away: juice bottles, soft drink cans, candy wrappers. It adds up. (1) ……………. much trash do you produce?

   Americans throw away an average of one ton of trash per person (2) …………… year. Most of this trash gets buried (3) ………… big holes in the ground called landfills. A lot of this garbage can be recycled, or turn back (4) ………… something useful. Just about any material can be recycle. The main things we recycle today are (5) ………… from metal, paper, glass, or plastic    People recycle for many reasons. One of the (6) …………. reasons is to conserve resources. Making new aluminum cans out old ones means less aluminum is needed (7) ………… new cans. This leads to a second reason people recycle: It saves energy. Recycling old aluminum cans takes a lot (8) ………… energy than making new aluminum. To make new aluminum, you (9) …………. to mine metal ore from the ground, remove the impurities, and refine it into a finished metal. Recycle also conserves valuable land. (10) ……… recycling, we produce less garbage. That means fewer landfills are needed for dumping our trash.

2. Choose the correct word by underlining it at each number in the following paragraph, then answer the questions.

A plastic problem

   Nowadays, people use a lot of plastic bags and they often (1) throw away/ bury the bags afterwards. They don’t often (2) pollute/ reuse or (3) waste/ recycle them. When we (4) destroy/ reuse plastic, we pollute the lands or air. It isn’t a good idea to (5) burn/ poison plastic because it (6) poisons/ saves the atmosphere. The alternative is to (7) bury/ pollute it, but some plastic doesn’t decompose for over a thousand years.

8. Do you throw away or reuse plastic bags?

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9. What do you and your school do with rubbish?

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10. What things are harmful to the environment in your area?

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3. Choose the correct word A, B or C for each gap to complete the following passage.

     Rivers are (1) ………… of the world’s most important natural resources. Many cities are on large rivers, and (2) ………….. every country has at least one river that (3) ………… an important part in the lives of its people.

     Besides transportation, rivers (4) ……….. food, water for crops, water to drink, and opportunities for recreation for people who live along their (5) ……….. And in order to get water for crops, engineers sometimes build a dam across a river and let the water become a lake (6) ………… the dam. Then people can use their water nit only to (7) ………… fields but also to make electricity for homes and industries.

     (8) ……………, the water often becomes polluted when cities on river banks grow (9) ………… size and the number of industries increases. We are learning that it is necessary to (10) ………….. rivers clean if we want to enjoy the benefits of the natural resource.

D. WRITING

1. Make up sentences using the words and phrases given

Example: How/ can/ you/ reduce/ waste/ home/?

®How can you reduce waste in your home?

1. most/ people/ not know/ where/ their/ plastic/ waste/ go/.

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2. what/ happen/ rubbish/ your/ area/?

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3. noise/ pollution/ occur/ because/ there/ too many/ loud/ sounds/ environment/.

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4. many/ animals/ eat/ litter/ become/ sick/ because/ people/ throw/ it/ ground/.

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5. people/ will/ more/ aware/ protecting/ environment/ if/ there/ more/ warnings/ about/ danger/ of/ pollution/.

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2. Rewrite the following sentences so that their meaning stays the same, using the words given.

1. There was a loud noise next to my door last night so I couldn’t sleep. (because)

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2. The tsunami happened. Many people in this area became homeless. (made)

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3. The acid rain happened last month. Many plants and trees died. (Since)

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4. There have been conflicts in that country since last year. People live unhappily. (If)

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5. This factory doesn’t treat its waste well so there is a lot of water pollution. (If)

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3. There are five grammar mistakes in this passage. Can you find and correct them?