1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)

\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\)  (1) 

áp dụng (x² +y² +z²)(m²+n²+p²) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)

(2a²bc +b²c² + 2b²ac+a²c² + 2c²ab+a²b²). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\)   <=> (ab+bc+ca)². VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\)  ( vậy (1) đúng)

dấu '=' khi a=b=c

4b, \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+a^2}=1-\frac{ab^2}{a^2+b^2}+1-\frac{bc^2}{b^2+c^2}+1-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+c^2}\)

\(\ge3-\frac{ab^2}{2ab}-\frac{bc^2}{2bc}-\frac{ca^2}{2ac}=3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Ta có \(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2b^2c^2\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\geq 1\)

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với \(\frac{\frac{1}{c^3}}{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^3}}{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}+\frac{\frac{1}{a^3}}{\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

Đặt \((\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c})=(x,y,z)\). Bài toán trở thành: 

Cho \(x,y,z>0|x^2+y^2+z^2\geq 1\). CMR \(P=\frac{x^3}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2+x^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2+y^2}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

Lời giải:

 Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwarz:

\(P=\frac{x^4}{xy^2+xz^2}+\frac{y^4}{yz^2+yx^2}+\frac{z^4}{zx^2+zy^2}\geq \frac{(x^2+y^2+^2)^2}{x^2(y+z)+y^2(x+z)+z^2(x+y)}\) (1)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\geq y\geq z\Rightarrow x^2\geq y^2\geq z^2\) 

Và \(y+z\leq z+x\leq x+y\). Khi đó, áp dụng BĐT Chebyshev: 

\(3[x^2(y+z)+y^2(x+z)+z^2(x+y)]\leq (x^2+y^2+z^2)(y+z+x+z+x+y)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2(y+z)+y^2(x+z)+z^2(x+y)\leq \frac{2(x^2+y^2+z^2)(x+y+z)}{3}\)

Theo hệ quả của BĐT Am-Gm thì: \((x+y+z)^2\leq 3(x^2+y^2+z^2)\Rightarrow x+y+z\leq \sqrt{3(x^2+y^2+z^2)}\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2(y+z)+y^2(x+z)+z^2(x+y)\leq \frac{2(x^2+y^2+z^2)\sqrt{3(x^2+y^2+z^2)}}{3}\) (2)

Từ (1),(2) suy ra \(P\geq \frac{3(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2)\sqrt{3(x^2+y^2+z^2)}}=\frac{\sqrt{3(x^2+y^2+z^2)}}{2}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

Ta có đpcm

Dáu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)

Đặt \(x=\frac{1}{a};y=\frac{1}{b};z=\frac{1}{c}\)

Khi đó giả thiết được viết lại là \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge1\)và ta cần chứng minh \(\frac{x^3}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2+x^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2+y^2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)(*)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki dạng phân thức, ta được:

\(VT_{\left(^∗\right)}=\frac{x^4}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{y^4}{y\left(z^2+x^2\right)}+\frac{z^4}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y\left(z^2+x^2\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)

Đến đây ta đi chứng minh \(\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y\left(z^2+x^2\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)\(\ge\sqrt{3}\left[x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+y\left(z^2+x^2\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2\right)\right]\)

Ta có: \(x\left(y^2+z^2\right)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2x^2\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\)\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\left(\frac{2x^2+y^2+z^2+y^2+z^2}{3}\right)^3}\)

\(=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)

Tương tự ta có: \(y\left(z^2+x^2\right)\le\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)

\(z\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{9}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)

Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT trên, ta được: 

\(\text{∑}_{cyc}\left[x\left(y^2+z^2\right)\right]\le\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}\text{∑}_{cyc}\left[x\left(y^2+z^2\right)\right]\le2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\)

Cuối cùng ta cần chứng minh được

\(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}\le2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge1\)(đúng)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}\)

\(\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(3a+b+3b+a\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{4\left(a+b\right)^2}=2\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}}\ge\frac{a+b}{2\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Áp dụng Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

1)

Ta có: \(M=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\sqrt{3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+4c\right)}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{\frac{3\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a+b+4c\right)}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=3\sqrt{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c

2)

\(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\sqrt[3]{2a\left(ab+1\right)^2}}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{2a}{\frac{2a+\left(ab+1\right)+\left(ab+1\right)}{3}}=3\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{ab+a+1}\)

Ta có bổ đề: \(\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}=1\left(abc=1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{2a}{ab+1}\right)^2}\ge3\)

Ta có: 

\(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}}=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{\sqrt{4a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{4b\left(3b+a\right)}}\)

\(\ge\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{\frac{4a+3a+b}{2}+\frac{4b+3b+a}{2}}=\frac{2\left(a+b\right)}{4\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có: 

\(\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}=\sqrt{a}\sqrt{3a+b}+\sqrt{b}\sqrt{3b+a}\)

\(\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(3a+b+3b+a\right)}=2\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{a\left(3a+b\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(3b+a\right)}}\ge\frac{a+b}{2\left(a+b\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b\)

Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net

Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành

\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)

Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)

\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)

Bổ sung bài 1:

BĐT được chứng minh

Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c