ĐKXĐ: \(\frac{4-\sqrt{10}}{2}\le x\le\frac{4+\sqrt{10}}{2}\)

Đặt : \(\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}=a;\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=b\left(a,b>0\right)\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=-2x^2+8x-3\)

Khi đó pt trở  thành:

\(a+b=a^2-b^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b\)

Theo cách đặt:   \(\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}=\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+3=0\)

Đến đây bạn tự giải nha

+ \(\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}=\sqrt{3\left(x-2\right)^2+9}\ge3\)

\(\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=\sqrt{5\left(x-2\right)^2+4}\ge2\)

=> \(VT\ge5\) Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\) (1)

+ VP \(=-2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5=-2\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\forall x\) (2)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

+ Từ (1) và (2) suy ra

\(pt\Leftrightarrow VT=VP=5\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)

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Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}=a>0\\\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b=a^2-b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-b-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}+1=\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-20x+25+2\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=3x^2-12x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=-2x^2+8x-4\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT=2\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=2\sqrt{5\left(x-2\right)^2+4}\ge4\\VP=-2x^2+8x-4=4-2\left(x-2\right)^2\le4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=2\)

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=2\)

\(\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}=-2x^2+8x-3\)

\(\left(\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}-2\right)=-2x^2+8x-8\)

\(\frac{3x^2-12x+21-9}{\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+3}+\frac{5x^2-20x+24-4}{\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}+3}=\left(x-2\right)\left(4-2x\right)\)

\(\frac{3x^2-12x+12}{\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+3}+\frac{5x^2-20x+20}{\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}+3}=\left(x-2\right)\left(4-2x\right)\)

\(\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)}{\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+3}+\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(5x-10\right)}{\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}+3}=\left(x-2\right)\left(4-2x\right)\)

\(\left(x-2\right)\left(\frac{3x-6}{\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+3}+\frac{5x-10}{\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}}-4+2x\right)=0\)

\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=2\left(TM\right)\\\frac{3x-6}{\sqrt{3x^2-12x+21}+3}+\frac{5x-10}{\sqrt{5x^2-20x+24}}-4+2x\ne0\left(KTM\right)\end{cases}}\)

vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất là 2

Mà bạn ơi, tại sao cái về sau khác 0 được vậy bạn ? Sao mình không đặt (x-2)^2 luôn nhỉ? Dù sao cũng cảm ơn ha!

a: \(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)

=>\(x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)

=>\(x^3-x^2-4x^2+4x+4x-4=0\)

=>\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

2: \(x^3+3x^2=x+6\)

=>\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)

=>\(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)

=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x^2+x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0

\(2x+3\sqrt{x}=1\)

=>\(2x+3\sqrt{x}-1=0\)

=>\(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{17}{16}=0\)

=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{17}{16}\)

=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(nhận\right)\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{13-3\sqrt{17}}{8}\left(nhận\right)\)

4: \(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)

=>\(x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)

=>\(x^4-x^3-2x^3+2x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)

=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-2x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1\right)=0\)

=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)

=>(x-1)^2=0

=>x-1=0

=>x=1

a.

\(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-4x^2+4x\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

b.

\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x^2+2x-6\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-3\right)+2\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x+\left(x+1-\sqrt{3x+1}\right)+\left(x+2-\sqrt{5x+4}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2-x\right)+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{x^2-x}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)\left(3+\dfrac{1}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

2.

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=a\\\sqrt[3]{2-8x^3}=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta được hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2a-1\right)b=a\\a^3+b^3=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2ab\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow8\left(ab\right)^3-6\left(ab\right)^2=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left[4\left(ab\right)^2+ab+1\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab=1\Rightarrow a+b=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\ab=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)

\(\Rightarrow2x=1\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Hummmm