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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25
\(M_A=\dfrac{14}{0,25}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
mà A hóa trị II
=> A là Fe
b)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\
LTL:\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=> Fe dư
\(n_{Fe\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Fe\left(d\right)}=\left(0,25-0,2\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\\
m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\
m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25
\(M_A=\dfrac{14}{0,25}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
mà A hóa trị II => A là Fe
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=> Fe dư
\(m_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{saup\text{ư}}=\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe\left(d\right)}=\left(0,25-0,2\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.=2,8+25,4+0,4=28,6\left(g\right)\)
Bài 24:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Theo pthh: nA = nH2 = 0,15 (mol)
=> MA = \(\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> A là Mg
Bài 25:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ Mol:0,3\leftarrow0,9\leftarrow0,3\leftarrow0,45\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}M_A=\dfrac{8,1}{0,3}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\Rightarrow A:Al\\m_{HCl}=0,9.36,5=32,85\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 24.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(n_A=\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}\) mol
\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,15 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3,6}{M_A}=0,15mol\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=24\) ( g/mol )
=> A là Magie ( Mg )
Bài 25.
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)
\(n_A=\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}\) mol
\(2A+6HCl\rightarrow2ACl_3+3H_2\)
0,3 0,45 ( mol )
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{8,1}{M_A}=0,3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=27\) g/mol
=> A là nhôm ( Al )
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,2-----------------------------------0,3
n Al=0,2 mol
=>VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72l
b)
XO+H2-to>X+H2O
0,3-------------0,3
=>0,3=\(\dfrac{19,5}{X}\)
=>X là Zn( kẽm)
a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(n_X=\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\)
\(XO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)X+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\) \(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\) ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}=0,3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_X=65\)
=> X là kẽm (Zn)
Bài 1:
Gọi KL cần tìm là A.
PT: \(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,1.6=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_A=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{7,2}{0,3}=24\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: KL cần tìm là Mg.
Bài 2:
PT: \(2R+6HCl\rightarrow2RCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{9,408}{22,4}=0,42\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_R=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{7,56}{0,28}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: R là Al.
Số mol của khí hidro ở dktc
nH2 =\(\dfrac{V_{H2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : X + 2HCl → XCl2 + H2\(|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,1
Số mol của kim loại X
nX = \(\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ MX = \(\dfrac{m_X}{n_X}=\dfrac{5,6}{0,1}=56\) (dvc)
Vậy kim loại x là Fe
⇒ Chọn câu : B Chúc bạn học tốt
\(R+2HCl \rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ M_R=\frac{5,6}{0,1}=56 g/mol\\ \Rightarrow R: Fe\)
\(a,A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_A=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(II\right):Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\\ b,Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow Sau.p.ứ:MgCl_2,HCldư\\ n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,15=14,25\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ m_{chất.sau}=3,65+14,25=17,9\left(g\right)\)