Chứng minh rằng:1/3-2/3^2+3/3^3-4/4^4+........99/3^99-100/3^100 <3/16
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Mình ngu lắm dân trần đăng ninh chuyên anh mà làm sao giỏi toán được
Lời giải:
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-....+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(3A=1-\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}-.....+\frac{99}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 4A=A+3A=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+....-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(12A=3-1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+...-\frac{1}{3^{98}}-\frac{100}{3^{99}}\)
$\Rightarrow 4A+12A=3-\frac{100}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}<3$
$\Rightarrow 16A< 3$
$\Rightarrow A< \frac{3}{16}$
\(A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{4}{3^4}+....+\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{100}{3^{100}}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{3}A=\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}-\frac{4}{3^5}+....+\frac{99}{3^{100}}-\frac{100}{3^{101}}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{3}A+A=\frac{4}{3}A=\frac{1}{3}-\left(\frac{2}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{3^3}-\frac{2}{3^3}\right)+\left(\frac{4}{3^4}-\frac{3}{3^4}\right)+....+\left(\frac{99}{3^{99}}-\frac{98}{3^{99}}\right)+\left(\frac{100}{3^{100}}-\frac{99}{3^{100}}\right)-\frac{100}{3^{101}}\)
=>\(\frac{4}{3}A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}-\frac{1}{3^4}+.....+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt \(S=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}-\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{3}S=\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}-\frac{1}{3^5}+....+\frac{1}{3^{100}}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{3}S+S=\frac{4}{3}S=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\Rightarrow S=\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\right):\frac{4}{3}=\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}\right).\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{3}.\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{101}}.\frac{3}{4}\)=>\(S=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{100}.4}\)
Mà \(\frac{4}{3}A=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}-\frac{1}{3^4}+....+\frac{1}{3^{99}}-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\)
=>\(\frac{4}{3}A=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{100}.4}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3^{100}}.\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
=>\(A=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right):\frac{4}{3}=\frac{1}{4}\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right).\frac{3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}.\frac{3}{4}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)=\frac{3}{16}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}\right)\)
Vì \(1-\frac{1}{3^{100}}<1\Rightarrow A<\frac{3}{16}\)