a.\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

 x                                      x ( mol )

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

 y                                        y   ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=25,55\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,35.65=22,75g\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{25,55}.100=10,95\%\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-10,95\%=89,05\%\)

b.\(n_{HCl}=2.0,05+2.0,35=0,8mol\)

\(C_M=\dfrac{n}{V}\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,8}{2}=0,4l\)

Bài 1 :

Gọi 

\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Zn} = b(mol)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ \)

Ta có : 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{H_2}=a+b=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\m_{muoi}=127a+136b=19,5\left(gam\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(gam\right)\\m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(gam\right)\end{cases}}\)

Bài 2 : 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{BaCO_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{BaSO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)

\(BaCO_3 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O\\ BaSO_3 + 2HCl \to BaCl_2 + SO_2 + H_2O\)

Ta có : 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}m_{hh}=197a+217b=20,5\left(gam\right)\\n_{khí}=n_{CO_2}+n_{SO_2}=a+b=\frac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)

Suy ra:  a = 0,06 ; b = 0,04

\(\%m_{BaCO_3} = \dfrac{0,06.197}{20,5}.100\% =57,66\%\\ \%m_{BaSO_3} = 100\%- 57,66\%=42,34\%\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\\n_{MgO}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

   x                           x                   ( mol )

\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

 y                            y                  ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+40y=16\\135x+95y=32,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,1.80=8g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8g\)

\(\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{16}.100=50\%\)

\(\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{8}{16}.100=50\%\)

\(m_{CuCl_2}=0,1.135=13,5g\)

\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19g\)

\(Đặt:n_{MnO_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{KMnO_4}=b\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{hh}=87a+158b=37.96\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\)

\(MnO_2+4HCl\rightarrow MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\)

\(n_{Cl_2}=a+2.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.4,b=0.02\)

\(\%MnO_2=\dfrac{0.4\cdot87}{37.96}\cdot100\%=91.68\%\\\%KMnO_4=100-91.68=8.32\% \)

\(m_M=m_{KCl}+m_{MnCl_2}=0.02\cdot74.5+\left(0.4+0.02\right)\cdot126=54.41g\)

PTHH: 

Zn + H₂SO₄ ---> ZnSO₄ + H₂ (1)

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂ (2)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,792}{22,4}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi x, y lần lượt là số mol của Zn và Al

a. Theo PT₍₁₎: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT₍₂₎: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}y\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,8\) (*)

Theo đề, ta có: 65x + 27y = 3,79 (**)

Từ (*) và (**), ta có HPT:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,8\\65x+27y=3,79\end{matrix}\right.\)

(Ra số âm, bn xem lại đề nhé.)

\(n_{PbS}=\dfrac{47,8}{239}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Bảo toàn S: \(n_{FeS}=n_{H_2S}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

           0,1<----------------------0,1

=> m_Fe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)

m_FeS = 0,2.88 = 17,6 (g)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{5,6+17,6}.100\%=24,138\%\\\%m_{FeS}=\dfrac{17,6}{5,6+17,6}.100\%=75,862\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Đặt:n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo đề ta có hệ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=24,2\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> x=0,2 ; y=0,2

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{24,2}.100=53,72\%;\%m_{Fe}=46,28\%\)

b)Bảo toàn nguyên tố H: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8}{2,5}=0,32\left(l\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{ZnCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(CM_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

\(CM_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,32}=0,625\left(mol\right)\)

g