Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x-a\right)\left(x-b\right)+\left(x-b\right)\left(x-c\right)+\left(x-c\right)\left(x-a\right)\)

Hàm \(f\left(x\right)\) hiển nhiên liên tục trên R

Do vai trò a;b;c như nhau, không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a< b< c\)

\(f\left(a\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\)

\(f\left(b\right)=\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\)

\(f\left(c\right)=\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)

\(f\left(a\right).f\left(b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\)

Do \(a< b< c\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}c-a>0\\b-c< 0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(a\right).f\left(b\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) luôn có ít nhất 1 nghiệm thuộc (a;b)

\(f\left(b\right).f\left(c\right)=\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)=\left(b-c\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\)

Do \(a< b< c\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b< 0\\c-a>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow f\left(b\right).f\left(c\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\) luôn có ít nhất 1 nghiệm thuộc (b;c)

Vậy pt đã cho luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt

Ta có: \(\left(-1\right)^n\cdot a^{n+k}\)

\(=\left(-1\right)^n\cdot a^n\cdot a^k\)

\(=\left(-1\cdot a\right)^n\cdot a^k\)

\(=\left(-a\right)^n\cdot a^k\)(đpcm)

a) Do \(1010\le n\le2016\)nên:

                \(\sqrt{20203+21\times1010}\le a_n\le20203+21\times2016\)\(\Leftrightarrow204\le a_n\le250\)

b) Ta có:

\(a^2_n=20203+21n=\left(21\times962+1\right)+21n\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2_n-1=21\times\left(962+n\right)=3\times7\times\left(962+n\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a_n-1\right)\left(a_n+1\right)⋮7\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a_n-1\right)⋮7\\\left(a_n+1\right)⋮7\end{cases}}\)

Hay \(a_n+1=7k\)hoặc \(a_n-1=7k\)\(\Rightarrow a_n=7k-1\)hoặc \(a_n=7k+1\left(k\in N\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

\(f^3\left(2-x\right)-2f^2\left(2+3x\right)+x^2g\left(x\right)+36x=0\) (1)

Thay \(x=0\Rightarrow f^3\left(2\right)-2f^2\left(2\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}f\left(2\right)=0\\f\left(2\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đạo hàm 2 vế của (1):

\(\Rightarrow-3f^2\left(2-x\right).f'\left(2-x\right)-12f\left(2+3x\right).f'\left(2+3x\right)+2x.g\left(x\right)+x^2.g'\left(x\right)+36=0\)

Thay \(x=0\)

\(\Rightarrow-3f^2\left(2\right).f'\left(2\right)-12f\left(2\right).f'\left(2\right)+36=0\)

TH1: \(f\left(2\right)=0\Rightarrow36=0\) (ktm)

TH2: \(f\left(2\right)=2\)

\(\Rightarrow-3.2^2.f'\left(2\right)-12.2.f'\left(2\right)+36=0\Rightarrow f'\left(2\right)=1\)

\(\Rightarrow A=3.2+4.1=10\)