Cho biểu thức :\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{x-5\sqrt{x}+6}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{3-\sqrt{x}}\)
Tìm x để A đạt giá trị nguyên
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B =\(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\) + \(\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)- \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)( \(x\ge0\); \(x\ne2;3\))
= \(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9+\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)-x+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9+2x-3\sqrt{x}-2-x+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b, B = \(\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)= \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3+4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)= \(1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
để B có gtri nguyên thì \(\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)phải nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\varepsilonƯ\left(4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\varepsilon\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4\right\}\)
ta có bảng sau
\(\sqrt{x}-3\) 1 -1 2 -2 4 -4
\(\sqrt{x}\) 4 2 5 1 7 -1 (L)
x 16 4 25 1 49
vậy x \(\varepsilon\){ 16 ; 4 ; 25; 1 ; 49 }
#mã mã#
\(A=1-\left(\frac{2}{1+2\sqrt{x}}-\frac{5\sqrt{x}}{4x-1}-\frac{1}{1-2\sqrt{x}}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{4x+4\sqrt{x}+1}\)
\(=1-\left(\frac{2\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)+5\sqrt{x}-1-2\sqrt{x}}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)}\right):\frac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}\)
\(=1-\frac{1-\sqrt{x}}{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1-2\sqrt{x}\right)}.\frac{\left(1+2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}-1}=1-\frac{1+2\sqrt{x}}{1-2\sqrt{x}}=2-\frac{2}{1-2\sqrt{x}}\)
để A là số nguyên thì \(1-2\sqrt{x}\) là ước của 2 khi đó ta tìm được \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=1\end{cases}}\)
Điều kiện: x \(\ge\)0; x \(\ne\) 4;x \(\ne\) 9
\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-2}+\frac{2\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}+\frac{\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9-\left(x-9\right)+\left(2x-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-9-x+9+2x-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\frac{x-\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)
\(A=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(A=\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-3}=\frac{\sqrt{x}-3+4}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
Để A nguyên thì \(\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}-3}\) nguyên <=> \(\sqrt{x}-3\) \(\in\)Ư(4) = {4;-4;2;-2;1;-1}
Đối chiếu điều kiện => x \(\in\) {49;25;1;16}