Đặt x^2+y^2+z^2 =a ; xy+yz+zx=b

=> (x+y+z)^2 =x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx =a+2b

Ta có A= (x^2+y^2+z^2)(xy+yz+zx) +(x+y+z)^2

= a(a+2b)+b^2=a^2+2ab+b^2=(a+b)^2

=(x^2+y^2+z^2 +xy+yz+zx)^2

\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2\left(1\right)\)

Đặt \(x^2+y^2+z^2=a\)

\(xy+yz+zx=b\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=2b\)

\(\Rightarrow a+2b=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

Kết hợp (1) ta được : \(A=a\left(a+2b\right)+b^2\)

                                      \(=a^2+2ab+b^2\)

                                     \(=\left(a+b\right)^2\)

                                      \(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx\right)^2\)

\(y\left(x-y\right)^2+xy\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(xy-y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)+xy\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(xy-y^2+xy\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

\(=\left(2xy-y^2\right)\left(x-y\right)\)

y ( x - y)² + xy ( x-y) = (x - y) [(x-y) y +xy]

= (x-y) ( 2xy -y²)

Lời giải:

a. 

$(xy)^2-xy-2=(x^2y^2+xy)-(2xy+2)$

$=xy(xy+1)-2(xy+1)=(xy+1)(xy-2)$

b. Bạn xem lại đoạn $-16x^2$ là dấu - hay + vậy?

\(\frac{2}{xy}:\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{y}\right)^2-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{2}{xy}:\left(\frac{y-x}{xy}\right)^2-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{2}{xy}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^2y^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{2x^2y^2}{xy\left(x-y\right)^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(=\frac{2xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}-\frac{x^2+y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=\frac{-x^2+2xy-y^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\)

\(=-\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)^2}=-1\)

Đúng hết mà?

Đặt \(x^2+x+1=t\)

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12=t\left(t+1\right)-12=t^2+t-12=\left(t^2+t+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\dfrac{49}{4}=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2=\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\left(t+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)=\left(t-3\right)\left(t+4\right)=\left(x^2+x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+5\right)\)

\(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+2\right)-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1\right]-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)-12\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)-3\left(x^2+x+1\right)+4\left(x^2+x+1\right)-4.3\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)+4\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)

= \(\left(x^2+x+5\right)\left(x^2+x-2\right)\)