Lời giải:
\(P=\frac{2(\sqrt{x}+2)+2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

Với $x>3$ và $x$ là số tự nhiên thì $x\geq 4$

$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}+2\geq \sqrt{4}+2=4$

$\Rightarrow \frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\leq \frac{1}{2}$

$\Rightarrow P\leq 2+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{2}$

Vậy $P_{\max}=\frac{5}{2}$ khi $x=4$

\(3=x+y+xy\le\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}+3\sqrt{2}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow-\left(x^2+y^2\right)\le-2\)

\(P=\sqrt{9-x^2}+\sqrt{9-y^2}+\dfrac{x+y}{4}\le\sqrt{2\left(9-x^2+9-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}{4}\)

\(P\le\sqrt{2\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}+\dfrac{1}{4}.\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)

\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\sqrt{18-x^2-y^2}+\sqrt[]{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(18-x^2-y^2\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}}\)

\(P\le\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right).\sqrt{18-2}+\sqrt{\left(2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(\dfrac{18-x^2-y^2+x^2+y^2}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{1+8\sqrt{2}}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)

`B = (\sqrt{x} + 3)/(\sqrt{x} - 3)`
`=>B = (6 + \sqrt{x} -3)/(\sqrt{x} - 3)`
`=>B = 1 + 6/(\sqrt{x-3})`
Để `B` đạt gt lớn nhất

`=>6 \vdots \sqrt{x-3}`
`=>12 \vdots (x-3)`
`=>(x-3)\in Ư(12) = {+-1;+-2;+-3;+-4;+-6;+-12}`
Do `x` là stn
`=>(x-3) \in {1;2;3;4;6;12}`
`=>x = 15`
Vậy `x=15` 

\(P=\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+1}\ge\sqrt{x+1+y+1}=\sqrt{x+y+2}=\sqrt{101}\)

GTNN\(P=\sqrt{101}\)

\(P=\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+1}\)

\(=>\left(\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{y+1}\right)^2\le2\left(x+1+y+1\right)=2.101=202\)

GTLN \(P=202\)

Tham khảo:

Cho 3 số thức x,y,z thỏa mãn \(x\ge1;y\ge4;z\ge9\) tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biết thức Q=\(\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+zx\sqrt... - Hoc24

Ta có:

\(1.\sqrt{1+x^2}+1.\sqrt{2x}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(1+x^2+2x\right)}=\sqrt{2}\left(x+1\right)\)

Tương tự:

\(\sqrt{1+y^2}+\sqrt{2y}\le\sqrt{2}\left(y+1\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{1+z^2}+\sqrt{2z}\le\sqrt{2}\left(z+1\right)\)

Cộng vế:

\(P\le\sqrt{2}\left(x+y+z+3\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\le\sqrt{2}\left(3+3\right)+\left(2-\sqrt{2}\right).3=6+3\sqrt{2}\)

\(P_{max}=6+3\sqrt{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\)