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https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/hoa-tan-108-g-mg-vao-dd-h2so4-20-vua-du-sau-khi-phan-ung-ket-thuc-thu-duoc-dd-x-lam-lanh-dd-x-xuong-20-do-c-thu-duoc-1476-g-muoi-sunfat-ket-ti.4797186776937

Câu 1 : 

Khối lượng dung dịch là : \(m_{ct}+170\)

Gọi khối lượng muối \(NaNO_3\)cần dùng là x

Ta có :\(m_{ct}=\frac{C\%.m_{dd}}{100}\)

hay \(x=\frac{15.\left(x+170\right)}{100}\)

Ta tính được x=30 (g)

Vậy khối lượng \(NaNO_3\)cần lấy là 30 g

Câu 2 :

 Số mol \(CuSO_4.5H_2O\)là :

\(n_{CuSO_4.5H_2O}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{75}{250}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right);V_{dd}=900ml=0,9l\)

\(C_{M_{dd}}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,3}{0,9}=\frac{1}{3}M\)

Vậy...

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{10,8}{24}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ --> MgSO₄ + H₂

         0,45-->0,45------>0,45--->0,45

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.98=44,1\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{44,1.100}{20}=220,5\left(g\right)\)

m_{dd (20^oC)} = 10,8 + 220,5 - 0,45.2 - 14,76 = 215,64 (g)

\(m_{MgSO_4\left(dd.ở.20^oC\right)}=\dfrac{215,64.21,703}{100}=46,8\left(g\right)\)

=> n_{MgSO4 (tách ra)} = \(0,45-\dfrac{46,8}{120}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

=> n_{H2O (tách ra)} = \(\dfrac{14,76-0,06.120}{18}=0,42\left(mol\right)\)

Xét n_{MgSO4 (tách ra)} : n_{H2O (tách ra)} = 0,06 : 0,42 = 1 : 7

=> CTHH: MgSO₄.7H₂O

\(a.m_{ddNaCl}=\dfrac{15}{5}\cdot100=300g\\ b.m_{nước}+m_{muối}=m_{dd,muối}\\ \Rightarrow m_{nước}=m_{dd,muối}-m_{muối}\\ =300-15\\ =285g\)

a) PTHH: \(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)

Ta có: \(n_{SO_3}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{20\%}=147\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{147}{1,14}\approx128,95\left(ml\right)\)

b) PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{FeSO_4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot24,76=7,428\left(l\right)\\m_{FeSO_4}=0,3\cdot152=45,6\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Fe}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=163,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{45,6}{163,2}\cdot100\%\approx27,94\%\)

\(C\%=\dfrac{5}{5+45}.100\%=10\%\)

\(a,C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{10}{10+90}.100\%=10\%\\ b,C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{10}{10+90+150}.100\%=6,67\%\)

10,00%