a: Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: a+b+c=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

b: Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\)

a) \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)(đúng do a+b+c = 0)

a: Ta có: a+b+c=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: a+b+c=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

b: Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\)

Bài 1: 

$a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc$

$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3-3abc=0$

$\Leftrightarrow [(a+b)^3+c^3]-[3ab(a+b)+3abc]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-c(a+b)+c^2]-3ab(a+b+c)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)[(a+b)^2-c(a+b)+c^2-3ab]=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)=0$

$\Rightarrow a+b+c=0$ hoặc $a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0$

Xét TH $a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0$

$\Leftrightarrow 2(a^2+b^2+c^2)-2(ab+bc+ac)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow a-b=b-c=c-a=0$

$\Leftrightarrow a=b=c$

Vậy $a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc$ khi $a+b+c=0$ hoặc $a=b=c$

Áp dụng vào bài:

Nếu $a+b+c=0$

$A=\frac{-c}{c}+\frac{-b}{b}+\frac{-a}{a}=-1+(-1)+(-1)=-3$

Nếu $a=b=c$

$P=\frac{a+a}{a}+\frac{b+b}{b}+\frac{c+c}{c}=2+2+2=6$

Ta có:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+\left(c+d\right)^3-3cd\left(c+d\right)\)

\(=-\left(c+d\right)^3+3ab\left(c+d\right)+\left(c+d\right)^3-3cd\left(c+d\right)\) (vì \(a+b=-\left(c+d\right)\))

\(=3\left(c+d\right)\left(ab-cd\right)\) 

Vậy đẳng thức được chứng minh.

...

Cách khác dễ hiểu hơn

Áp dụng BĐT Cô si 2 số ko âm 

Ta có: \(\frac{a^3}{b}+ab\ge2\sqrt{a^4}=2a^2\)

Tương tự rồi sau đó lại có:

\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}+ab+bc+ca\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ca\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô si với 3 số k âm 

\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{a^3}{b}+b^2\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{a^3.a^3.b^2}}{b^2}=3a^2\)

\(\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{b^3}{c}+b^2\ge3b^2\)

\(\frac{c^3}{a}+\frac{c^3}{a}+c^2\ge3c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\right)+a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Mà \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge ab+bc+ca\)

a+b+c=0 nên a+b=-c

a^3+b^3+c^3

=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3

=(a+b+c)(a^2+2ab+b^2-bc-ac+c^2)-3ab(a+b)

=-3ab(-c)=3abc

(2x-2023)^3+(2020-x)^3+(23-x)^3=0

=>(2020-x)^3+(23-x)^3+[-(2020-x+23-x)^3]=0

=>3(2020-x)(23-x)(2x-2023)=0

=>\(x\in\left\{2020;23;\dfrac{2023}{2}\right\}\)

Do \(a+b+c=1\) nên BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3abc\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\)

Thật vậy, ta có:

\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)=\left(a^3+b^3\right)+\left(b^3+c^3\right)+\left(c^3+a^3\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2+c^2-bc\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2+a^2-ca\right)\)

\(\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(2bc-bc\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(2ca-ca\right)\)

\(=ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Ta có \(a^4+b^4\ge2a^2.b^2\) (Bất đẳng thức Cô si với \(a^2;b^2\ge0\) )
Tương tự \(b^4+c^4\ge2b^2.c^2;a^4+c^4\ge2a^2.c^2\)
Do đó: \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\dfrac{2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2}{2}=a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\)(1)
Ta lại có:\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2\ge2ab^2c;b^2c^2+a^2c^2\ge2abc^2;a^2c^2+a^2b^2\ge2a^2bc\)
Nên\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2\ge a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2=abc\left(a+b+c\right)=3abc\left(a+b+c=3,gt\right)\)
(1);(2) => \(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge3abc\) ;đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1 (*)
Giả sử: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)-3c\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b+c\right)^2-ab-bc-ac\right]\ge0\\2.3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow3\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)\ge0\\\Leftrightarrow3\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\right]\ge0\)
Đúng mới mọi a,b,c ϵR 
Vậy \(a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3abc\) và đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=(a+b+c)/3 =1(**)
Ta lại có \(a^4\ge a^3;b^4\ge b^3;c^4\ge c^3\) mà a+b+c = 3
Nên \(a^4+b^4+c^4>a^3+b^3+c^3\) (***)
Từ (*);(**);(***) ta có điều phải chứng minh và đẳng thức xảy ra khi a= b=c=1
 

Tôi có cách chứng minh bằng đồng bậc hóa bất đẳng thức như sau:

ta sẽ chứng minh:

\(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)>=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
<=> \(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)>=ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)

mà ta có theo bất đẳng thức AMGM \(a^4+b^4>=\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}>=\dfrac{2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}=ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
làm tương tự rồi cộng lại, ta có đpcm.