cho 8 gam hỗn hợp gồm Fe và Mg vào 14,6g HCL vừa đủ thu đc V lít khí H2 ( đktc) . Tính khối lượng kim loại trong hỗn hợp ban đầu. Tính V
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a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 56b = 11,84
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.14\%}{36,5}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a--------->a----->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b-->2b-------->b------>b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,56
=> a = 0,12; b = 0,16
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,12.24}{11,84}.100\%=24,324\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,16.56}{11,84}.100\%=75,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,28.22,4=6,272\left(l\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 11,84 + 146 - 0,28.2 = 157,28 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,12.95}{157,28}.100\%=7,25\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,16.127}{157,28}.100\%=12,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.91362}{22.4}=0.13mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
2b 3b b 3b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+54b=2.58\\a+3b=0.13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.04\\b=0.03\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.04\times24=0.96g\)
\(m_{Al}=0.03\times2\times27=1.62g\)
\(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.04+3\times0.03}{0.5}=0.26l\)
Câu 2:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3.136}{22.4}=0.14mol\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=4.96\\a+b=0.14\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.09\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.09\times24=2.16g\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.05\times56=2.8g\)
\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.14\times98\times100}{200}=6.86\%\)
Câu 3:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1.568}{22.4}=0.07mol\)
\(Ba+H_2SO_4\rightarrow BaSO_4+H_2\)
a a a a
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
b b b b
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}137a+24b=3.94\\a+b=0.07\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.02\\b=0.05\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Ba}=0.02\times137=2.74g\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.05\times24=1.2g\)
\(CM_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0.07}{0.1}=0.7M\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,3.1=0,3mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=9,1.2,7=6,4g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
nHCl = 0,3 . 1 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,1 <--- 0,3 ---> 0,1 ---> 0,15
mAl = 0,1 . 27 = 2,7 (g(
mCu = 9,1 - 2,7 = 6,4 (g)
VH2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 (l)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 56y = 5,5 (1)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
a 1a
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
b 1b
Gọi a là số mol của Fe
b là số mol của Mg
\(m_{Fe}+m_{Mg}=8\left(g\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Fe}.M_{Fe}+n_{Mg}.M_{Mg}=8g\)
⇒ 56a + 24b = 8g (2)
Theo phương trình : 1a + 1b = 0,2(2)
Từ (1),(2), ta có hệ phương trình :
56a + 24b = 8g
1a + 1b = 0,2
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{5,6.100}{8}=70\)0/0
0/0Mg = \(\dfrac{2,4.100}{8}=30\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: x x
PTHH: Mg + 2HCI → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: y y
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+24y=8\\x+y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56.100\%}{8}=70\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-70=30\%\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,576}{22,4}=0,115\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}95a+133,5b=10,475\\a+1,5b=0,115\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,04.24}{0,04.24+0,05.27}.100\approx41,558\%\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx58,442\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,115=0,23\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow x=C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,23.36,5}{100}.100=8,395\%\)
n Fe = a(mol) ; n Mg = b(mol)
=> 56a + 24b = 8(1)
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n HCl = 2a + 2b = 14,6/36,5 =0,4(2)
Từ (1)(2) => a = b = 0,1
Vậy :
m Fe = 0,1.56 = 5,6(gam)
m Mg = 0,1.24 = 2,4(gam)
n H2 = a + b = 0,2(mol)
V = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 lít
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14.6}{36.5}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
mhh= 56a + 24b = 8 (g)
nHCl = 2a + 2b = 0.4 (mol)
=>a = 0.1
b = 0.1
mFe= 0.1 * 56 = 5.6 (g)
mMg = 2.4 (g)
nH2 = nHCl/2 = 0.4/2 = 0.2 (mol)
VH2 = 0.2*22.4 = 4.48 (l)