Tìm GTNN của bt: A=|x-2013|+|x-1|
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\(A=\sqrt{x-2013}+\sqrt{2014-x}\le\sqrt{2.1}=\sqrt{2}\)
a.
\(A=\dfrac{2013}{x^2}-\dfrac{2}{x}+1=2013\left(\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{2013}\right)^2+\dfrac{2012}{2013}\ge\dfrac{2012}{2013}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=2013\)
b.
\(B=\dfrac{4x^2+2-4x^2+4x-1}{4x^2+2}=1-\dfrac{\left(2x-1\right)^2}{4x^2+2}\le1\)
\(B_{max}=1\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{-2x^2-1+2x^2+4x+2}{4x^2+2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{2x^2+1}\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(B_{max}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(x=-1\)
\(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=3\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3=27\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+3x\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)=27\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+3\cdot3=27\\ \Leftrightarrow x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}=18\)
1)
a) \(M=\)\(x^2\)\(+\)\(4x\)\(+\)\(9\)
\(=\)\(x^2\)\(+\)\(2x\)\(.\)\(2\)\(+\)\(4\)\(+\)\(5\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)^2\)\(+\)\(5\)\(>;=\)\(5\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy GTNN của M bằng 5 khi x = -2
b) \(N=\)\(x^2\)\(-\)\(20x\)\(+\)\(101\)
\(=\)\(x^2\)\(-\)\(2x\)\(.\)\(10\)\(+\)\(100\)\(+\)\(1\)
\(=\)\(\left(x-10\right)^2\)\(+\)\(1\)\(>;=\)\(1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x - 10 = 0
x = 10
Vậy GTNN của N bằng 1 khi x = 10
2)
a) \(C=\)\(-y^2\)\(+\)\(6y\)\(-\)\(15\)
\(=\)\(-y^2\)\(+\)\(2y\)\(.\)\(3\)\(-\)\(9\)\(-\)\(6\)
\(=\)\(-\left(y-3\right)^2\)\(-\)\(6\)\(< ;=\)\(6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi y - 3 = 0
y = 3
Vậy GTLN của C bằng -6 khi y = 3
b) \(B=\)\(-x^2\)\(+\)\(9x\)\(-\)\(12\)
\(=\)\(-x^2\)\(+\)\(2x\)\(.\)\(\frac{9}{2}\)\(-\)\(\frac{81}{4}\)\(+\)\(\frac{81}{4}\)\(-\)\(12\)
\(=\)\(-\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2\)\(+\)\(\frac{33}{4}\)\(< ;=\)\(\frac{33}{4}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x-\frac{9}{2}=0\)
\(x=\frac{9}{2}\)
Vậy GTLN của B bằng \(\frac{33}{4}\)khi x = \(\frac{9}{2}\)
a) M = x2 + 4x + 9 = x2 + 4x + 4 + 5 = (x + 2)2 + 5
Vì : \(\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\)
Nên M = (x + 2)2 + 5 \(\ge5\forall x\in R\)
Vậy Mmin = 5 khi x = -2
b) N = x2 - 20x + 101 = x2 - 20x + 100 + 1 = (x - 10)2 + 1
Vì \(\left(x-10\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\)
Nên : N = (x - 10)2 + 1 \(\ge1\forall x\in R\)
Vậy Nmin = 1 khi x = 10
Bài 2 :
a) C = -y2 + 6y - 15 = -(y2 - 6y + 15) = -(y2 - 6y + 9 + 6) = -(y2 - 6y + 9) - 6 = -(y - 3)2 - 6
Vì \(-\left(y-3\right)^2\le0\forall x\in R\)
Nên : C = -(y - 3)2 - 6 \(\le-6\forall x\in R\)
Vậy Cmin = -6 khi y = 3
b) B = -x2 + 9x - 12 = -(x2 - 9x + 12) = -(x2 - 9x + \(\frac{81}{4}-\frac{33}{4}\)) = \(-\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2+\frac{33}{4}\)
Vì \(-\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2\le0\forall x\in R\)
Nên : B = \(-\left(x-\frac{9}{2}\right)^2+\frac{33}{4}\) \(\le\frac{33}{4}\forall x\in R\)
Vậy Bmin = \(\frac{33}{4}\) khi \(x=\frac{9}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x^2-3x-1\right)+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x+1\right)\left(2x^2-3x-1\right)+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x\right)^2-1+2018\)
\(=\left(2x^2-3x\right)^2+2017\ge2017\)
\(minA=2017\Leftrightarrow2x^2-3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(2x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x-2013\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\ge2013\)
Ta có:
\(A=\sqrt{x-2013-2\sqrt{x-2013}+1}+\sqrt{x-2013-90\sqrt{x-2013}+2025}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-45\right)^2}\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right|+\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-45\right|\)
\(=\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right|+\left|45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right|\)
\(\ge\left|\sqrt{x-2013}-1+45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right|\)
\(=\left|-1+45\right|=\left|44\right|=44\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 44, đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(\left(\sqrt{x-2013}-1\right)\left(45-\sqrt{x-2013}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le\sqrt{x-2013}\le45\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le x-2013\le2025\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2014\le x\le4038\left(tm\right)\)
Ta có: \(A=\left|x-2013\right|+\left|x-1\right|=\left|2013-x\right|+\left|x-1\right|\ge\left|2013-x+x-1\right|=2012\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(2013-x\right)\left(x-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow1\le x\le2013\)
Vậy GTNN của A = 2012 khi 1 =< x =< 2013