Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)

\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\). Thiếp lập 2 BĐT còn lại:

\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:

\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot3=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Bài 2: Ta có 2 đẳng thức ngược chiều: \(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}\ge8;\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\le8\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{ab+bc+ca}.\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}}\)

Suy ra BĐT đã cho là đúng nếu ta chứng minh được

\(27\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^3\left(1\right)\)

Sử dụng đẳng thức \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)và theo AM-GM: \(abc\le\frac{1}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)ta được \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1)và(2) suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)đúng=> đpcm

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c

Bài 3:

Ta có 2 BĐT ngược chiều: \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2};\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{8}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Bổ đề: \(x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz\ge xy\left(x+y\right)+yz\left(y+z\right)+zx\left(z+x\right)\left(1\right)\forall x,y,z\ge0\)

Chứng minh: Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\). Khi đó:

\(VT\left(1\right)-VP\left(1\right)=x\left(x-y\right)^2+z\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(x-y+z\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\ge0\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2\ge64\left(abc\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\left[\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right]^3\)

Suy ra ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{4abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)+b\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)+c\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)+4abc\)\(\ge2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\)đúng theo bổ đề

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b=c hoặc a=b,c=0 và các hoán vị

a)Áp dụng Bđt Cô si ta có:

\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)

\(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{abc}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\)

Cộng theo vế 2 bđt trên ta có:

\(3\ge\frac{3\left(\sqrt[3]{abc}+1\right)}{\sqrt[3]{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge\left(1+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\)

Dấu = khi a=b=c

b)Áp dụng Bđt Cô-si ta có:

\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc^2a}{ab}}=2c\)

\(\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ca^2b}{bc}}=2a\)

\(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{b^2ac}{ac}}=2b\)

Cộng theo vế 3 bđt trên ta có:

\(2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ca}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\ge a+b+c\)

Đấu = khí a=b=c

bn sử đấu = khí là dấu = khi nhé

\(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}=\frac{a-bc}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(=\left(a-bc\right)\sqrt{\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2\left(c+a\right)^2}}\le\frac{\frac{a-bc}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{\left(c+a\right)^2}}{2}=\frac{a-bc}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)

Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}\le\frac{b-ca}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}\)\(;\)\(\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}+\frac{c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}\)

=> \(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}+\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}+\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}\le\frac{a-bc+b-ca}{2\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{b-ca+c-ab}{2\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{a-bc+c-ab}{2\left(c+a\right)^2}\)

\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(1-c\right)}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}{2\left(b+c\right)\left(1-a\right)}+\frac{\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}{2\left(c+a\right)\left(1-b\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

Đề chơi căng nhỉ?

a) Dễ chứng minh VP =< 3

BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{1+a}-1\right)+\left(\frac{b+c}{1+b}-1\right)+\left(\frac{c+a}{1+c}-1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b-1}{1+a}+\frac{c-1}{1+b}+\frac{a-1}{1+c}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(b-1\right)^2}{\left(1+a\right)\left(b-1\right)}+\frac{\left(c-1\right)^2}{\left(1+b\right)\left(c-1\right)}+\frac{\left(a-1\right)^2}{\left(1+c\right)\left(a-1\right)}\) >=0

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel vào VT ta có đpcm.

P/s: Èo, sao đơn giản thế nhỉ? Em có làm sai chỗ nào chăng?

èo, sai rồi:( đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1 nên cái mẫu = 0 do đó vô lí => bài em sai mất rồi:(( hicc

Ta có \(\frac{a.1-bc}{a.1+bc}==\frac{a^2+ac}{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\frac{a}{a+b}\)

Từ đó \(\frac{a-bc}{a+bc}+\frac{b-ca}{b+ca}+\frac{c-ab}{c+ab}=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}\)

\(=-\left(\frac{a}{c-1}+\frac{b}{a-1}+\frac{c}{b-1}\right)=-\left(\frac{a^2}{ca-a}+\frac{b^2}{ab-b}+\frac{c^2}{bc-c}\right)\)

\(\le-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca-\left(a+b+c\right)}=-\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca-1}\le-\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}-1}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}.\)

1) a³ + b³ + c³ - 3abc

=(a + b)(a² - ab + b²) + c³ - 3abc

=(a + b)(a² - ab + b²) + c(a² - ab + b²) - 2abc - ca² - cb²

=(a + b + c)(a² - ab + b²) - (abc + b²c + bc² + ac² + abc + c²a) + c³ + ac² + bc²

=(a + b = c)(a² - ab + b²) - (a + b + c)(bc + ca) + c²(a + b + c)

=(a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² - ab - bc - ca)

2) \(\left(3a+2b-1\right)\left(a+5\right)-2b\left(a-2\right)=\left(3a+5\right)\left(a-3\right)+2\left(7b-10\right)\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+15a+2ab+10b-a-5-2ab+4b=3a^2+14a+15+14b-10\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+14a+14b-5=3a^2+14a+14b-5\)( đúng)

\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) đúng (đpcm)