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2. Có : 1/x + 1/y + 1/z = 0
=> 1 + x/y + x/z = 0 => x/y + x/z = -1
Tương tự : y/x + y/z = -1 ; z/x + z/y = -1
=> x/y + x/z + y/x + y/z + z/x + z/y = -3
Lại có : 1/x+1/y+1/z = 0
<=> xy+yz+zx/xyz = 0
<=> xy+yz+zx = 0
Xét : 0 = (xy+yz+zx).(1/x^2+1/y^2+1/z^2)
= xy/z^2+xz/y^2+xy/z^2+x/y+y/x+y/z+z/y+z/x+x/z
= xy/z^2+xz/y^2+xy/z^2-3
=> xy/z^2+xz/y^2+xy/z^2 = 3
=> ĐPCM
Tk mk nha
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si ta có:
\(1=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge4a\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b+c\ge4a\left(b+c\right)^2\)
Mà \(\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c\ge4a.4bc=16abc\)
a/ \(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\sqrt{c}}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(VT=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}=\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}}\)
\(VT\le\sum\frac{x}{x+\sqrt{xz}+\sqrt{xy}}=\sum\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số không âm ta có :
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge\left(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}+\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}\right)+\left(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(+3\sqrt[6]{abc}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
a/ Nhân cả tử và mẫu của từng phân số với liên hợp của nó và rút gọn:
\(VT=\sqrt{a+3}-\sqrt{a+2}+\sqrt{a+2}-\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a}\)
\(=\sqrt{a+3}-\sqrt{a}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}}\)
b/ \(VT=\frac{x}{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\frac{y}{y\left(x+y+z\right)+zx}+\frac{z}{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}\)
\(=\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\) (1)
Mặt khác ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
Thật vậy, \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)+xyz\)
Mà \(xyz\le\frac{1}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\) (theo AM-GM)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\) (đpcm)
Thay vào (1) \(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vì đã khuya nên não cũng không còn hoạt động tốt nữa, mình làm bài 1 thôi nhé.
Bài 1:
a)
\(2\text{VT}=\sum \frac{2bc}{a^2+2bc}=\sum (1-\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc})=3-\sum \frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\sum \frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}\geq \frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+2bc+b^2+2ac+c^2+2ab}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)^2}=1\)
Do đó: \(2\text{VT}\leq 3-1\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
b)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\text{VT}=\sum \frac{ab^2}{a^2+2b^2+c^2}=\sum \frac{ab^2}{\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}+\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}+b^2}\leq \sum \frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{9ab^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{ab^2}{b^2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{16}.\frac{9(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{a+b+c}{16}(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(3(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)\leq (a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{16}.\frac{9(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)}{a^2+b^2+c^2)}\leq \frac{3}{16}(a+b+c)(2)\)
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{4}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Lý giải xíu chỗ $3(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)\leq (a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)$ cho bạn nào chưa rõ:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
$(a^2+b^2+c^2)(a+b+c)=(a^3+ac^2)+(b^3+a^2b)+(c^3+b^2c)+(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)$
$\geq 2a^2c+2ab^2+2bc^2+(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)=3(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)$
3) \(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}=1\)
\(\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=a+b+c\)
\(\dfrac{a^2+a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+b\left(a+c\right)}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2+c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}=a+b+c\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+a+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+b+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+c=a+b+c\)
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=0\)
Vậy: \(P=0\)
Câu 2: \(\left(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2=\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2+2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2+6\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có :
\(\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2+\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2+\left(\frac{xz}{y}\right)^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{xy}{z}\right)^2\left(\frac{yz}{x}\right)^2\left(\frac{xy}{y}\right)^2}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xyz\right)^4}{\left(xyz\right)^2}}=3\)\(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\ge\sqrt{3+6}=3\left(dpcm\right)\)
tại sao lại suy ra đc \(3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(xyz\right)^4}{\left(xyz\right)^{^2}}}=3\) vậy cậu?