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`Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl_2 + H_2`
`0,15` `0,3` `0,15` `(mol)`
`n_[Mg]=[3,6]/24=0,15(mol)`
`a)V_[H_2]=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`
`b)m_[HCl]=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)`
`c)`
`H_2 + CuO` $\xrightarrow{t^o}$ `Cu + H_2 O`
`0,15` `0,15` `(mol)`
`=>m_[Cu]=0,15.64=9,6(g)`
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15->0,3------------------>0,15
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,15------>0,15
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25(mol)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ a,n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6(l)\\ b,PTHH:CuO+H_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,25.64=16(g)\)
a:
nFe=11,2/56=0,2(mol)
Fe+2HCl->FeCl2+H2
0,2 0,2
b: V=0,2*22,4=4,48(lít)
câu 1
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,5 0,25 0,25
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,25.127=31,75g\\
V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\\
C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5M\)
câu 2
1 ) \(m_{\text{dd}}=35+100=135g\\
2,C\%=\dfrac{204}{204+100}.100=60\%\\
=>m\text{dd}=\dfrac{100.204}{60}=340g\)
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, Coi mMg = mZn = 1 (g)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(Mg\right)}=n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1}{24}\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(Zn\right)}=n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1}{65}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{24}>\dfrac{1}{65}\)
Vậy: Mg cho nhiều khí H2 hơn.
\(n_{HCl}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1.......0.2.........................0.1\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.1\cdot24=2.4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)
\(.........0.2.......\dfrac{0.2}{n}\)
\(M_{MCl_n}=\dfrac{12.7}{\dfrac{0.2}{n}}=63.5n\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M+35.5n=63.5n\)
\(\Rightarrow M=28n\)
\(BL:n=2\Rightarrow M=56\)
\(M:Fe\)
1) PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
2) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{1,2}{24}=0,05\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
3)
+) Cách 1: Tính theo phương trình
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\cdot36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
+) Cách 2: Bảo toàn khối lượng
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,05\cdot2=0,1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,05\cdot95=4,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{H_2}-m_{Mg}=4,75+0,1-1,2=3,65\left(g\right)\)
+) Cách 3: Bảo toàn nguyên tố (Bonus)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,05mol\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl}=0,1mol\\n_H=0,1mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl}=0,1\cdot35,5=3,55\left(g\right)\\m_H=0,1\cdot1=0,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=3,55+0,1=3,65\left(g\right)\)