1. Read the passage and answer the questions.

The first traffic control device appeared near the British House of Parliament at the intersection of George and Bridge Streets. The device was made in response to the desire by a Select Committee to use railway signals on highways. The device had lights and it used arms which extended outwards. It was operated manually by a police officer. The signal was 22 feet high and crowned with a gas light. The light was called semaphore and had arms that would extend horizontally that commanded drivers to "Stop" and then the arms would lower to a 45 degrees angle to tell drivers to proceed with "Caution". At night a red light would command "Stop" and a green light would mean use "Caution". The man behind this new and different invention was John Peake Knight a railroad engineer. The main reason for the traffic light was that there was an overflow of horse-drawn traffic over Westminster Bridge which forced thousands of pedestrians to walk next to the house of Parliament. But Knight's invention was not to last long. After only a month of use the device exploded and injured the police officer who was operating the light. In the first two decades of the 20th century semaphore traffic signals, like the one in London, were in use all over the United States with each state having its own design of the device. One good example was from Toledo, Ohio in 1908. The words "Stop" and "Go" were in white on a green background and the lights had red and green lenses illuminated by kerosene lamps for night travelers and the arms where eight feet above ground. Controlled by a traffic officer who would blow a whistle before changing the commands on this signal to help alert travelers of the change, the design was also used in Philadelphia and Detroit. The example in Ohio was the first time America tried to use a more visible form of traffic control that evolved the use of semaphore. The device that was used in Ohio was designed based on the use of railroad signals.

1. What was the main purpose of making the first traffic control device?

_____________________________

2. What was the light operated manually by a police officer called?

_____________________________

3. Why wasn't John Peake Knight's invention to last long?

_____________________________

4. How tall were the arms of the traffic lights used in Ohio in 1908?

____________________________

5. The Westminster Bridge is in .

A. America B. England C. Brazil D. Canada

II. Read the text carefully, then do the tasks.

THE FIRST ELECTRIC TRAFFIC LIGHTS

In the early 1900's,the world was developing at a very rapid pace, and with the
growth of industrialization, cities became more crowded. Furthermore, with the invention
automobiles, the traffic on the roads increased significantly, so there was a need for a
better traffic system.

In 1912, an American policeman, Lester Wire, who was concerned with the
increasing traffic, came up with the idea of the first electric traffic light.Based on Wire's
design, the lights were first installed in Cleveland, Ohio, on August 5,1914, at the corner
of 105th and Euclid Avenue

The first electric traffic light had only red and green lights; it did not have a
yellow light like modern- day traffic signals.Instead of a yellow light, it had a buzzer
sound that was used to indicate that the signal would be changing soon.

In the year 1920, a policeman named William Potts in Detroit, Michigan
invented the first four-way and three-coloured traffic lights. Apart from red and green, a
third colour - amber (or yellow) - was introduced. Detroit became the first city to
implement the four-way and three-colored traffic lights. In the 1920's,several automated
traffic signals were installed in major cities around the world. The modern traffic light
still uses this famous T-shaped model with three different colors.
safest vehicles only far crossroad follow across reason

A. Decide whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. Due to the invention of cars, the traffic on the roads increased rapidly.
2. The first electric traffic light was invented in 1914 by Lester Wire.
3. The first electric traffic light had red, green and amber lights.
4. The yellow light didn’t exist until the 1920s.
5. Detroit was the first city to use the red, yellow, and green lights to control road traffic.
6. The modern traffic light works on the same principle as Wire’s original light.
B. Answer the questions
1. When was the first electric traffic light invented?
_______________________________________________
2. Who invented the first electric traffic light?
_______________________________________________
3. How many colours did the first electric traffic light have?
_______________________________________________
4. Where were the lights first installed?
_______________________________________________
5. What was used instead of yellow light to warn everyone of a signal change?
________________________________________________
6. When was the yellow light added?
________________________________________________

Yesterday, I (go)______ to the restaurant with a client. 2. We (drive) ______ around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space. 3. When we (arrive) ______ at the restaurant, the place (be) ______ full. 4. The waitress (ask) ______ us if we (have) reservations. 5. I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them." 6. The waitress (tell)______ us to come back in two hours. 7. My client and I slowly (walk) ______ back to the car. 8. Then we (see) ______ a small grocery store. 9. We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) ______ some sandwiches. 10. That (be) ______ better than waiting for two hours. 11. I (not go) ______ to school last Sunday. 12. She (get) ______ married last year? 13. What you (do) ______ last night? - I (do) ______ my homework. 14. I (love) ______ him but no more. 15. Yesterday, I (get) ______ up at 6 and (have) ______ breakfast at 6.30.

I, Fill in the blank with : although, and, because, but, or, since, so, unless, until, when, however.

1.Thing were different ................ I was young.

2. I do it ........... I like it.

3. Let us wait here.........the rain stops.

4. You cannot be a lawyer.................you have a law degree.

5. She has not called ........... she left last week.

6. I saw him leaving one..............two hour ago.

7. This is an expensive ............. very useful book.

8. We were getting tired ............. we stopped for a rest.

9. He was angry...........he heard what happened.

10. Walk quickly...............you will be late.

11. He had to retire..............of ill health. a coffe

12. We will go swimming next Sunday..........it is raining.

13. I heard a noise...........I turned the light on.

14. Would you like a coffee..........tea?

15. ..............it was rainning, my brothers went on playing football.

16. Minh is very tired. ........, he tries to finish all the work before going to bed.

Put the brackets into the correct tense: Present Perfect or Past Simple

1. I (buy).......a new house last year, but I (not sell)......my old house yet, so at the moment, I have two houses.

2. When Ann (be).........on her way to the station it (begin)...........to rain. Ann (run)....back to her flat for her umbrella but this (make)..............her late for her train.

3. She (catch).........the next train but it (not get)............in till 9.00, so she (arrive).....at her office ten minutes late.

4. Her boss (look).........up as she (come) in. You (be).........late every morning this week, he (growl).........

5. Ann (go)...........to Canada six month ago. She (work).........in Canada for a while and then (go)...........to the United States.

6. Mary (find)............a five- pound note while she (walk).....to school yesterday.

7. When I (get)...........home last night, I (be).............very tired and I (go)...........straight to bed.

8. It (snow).....hard when I (leav)...............home.

Complete each of the following sentences with a compound noun from the box.

low season; hand luggage jet lag; sleeping bag; stopover; boarding pass; package tours; check-in; take-offs; round trip;

1. We should arrive at __________ at least two hours before departure.

2. I like going on __________ because everything is organised for you and included in the price.

3. It is reported that night __________ and landings are banned at this airport.

4. You can keep a small bag with you and take it on the plane as __________.

5. Tom can’t get out of his __________ . The zipper is stuck.

6. They had a two-day __________ in Viet Nam on the way to Moscow.

7. Mr. Linh said that it was a 80-kilometre __________ to his home town.

8. You mist have a __________ to be allowed to get on an aircraft or a ship.

9. My grandmother is still suffering from __________ after her trip to Australia.

10. The __________ for travel to Europe is defined as the months from November to March.

Ex1:Give the correct form of the verbs in the brackets to complete the sentences

1.Ted and Amy(to answer) the phone if his wife (to have)...........a bath.

3.If Claire...............(to wear) this dress at the party, our guests...........(not/to stay) any longer

4.They........(not/ to survive) in the desert if they..........( not/ to take) extra water with them

5.You.............(to cross) the Channel if you...........(to fly) from Paris to London

6.I.............(to remember) you if you...............(to give) me a photo

7.If you.............(to press) CTRL+S, you .............(to save) the file.

8.He ..........(not/to understand) you if you (to whisper).........

9.If we ................(to send) an invitation, our friends................(to come) to our party

10.At last the bus came. We(to wait)............. for half an hour.

11.Im feeling sick. I( to eat).............so much chocolate last night

12.If I............(to touch) this snake, my girlfriend............(not/ to scream)

13.I think the weather (to be)............. nice later

14.I(to turn)...............the dishwasher on when heard the shot

15.She.............(to forget) to pick you up if you...........(not/ to phone) her.

Điền vào chỗ trống các từ sau: Although, and,but,or,so

1 I do it.......................I like it

2 I saw him leaving an hour..........................two hours ago

3 This is an expensive........................very useful book

4 We were grtting tired.....................we stopped for a rest

5 Walk quickly...................you will be late

6 He had to stop working.....................he was ill

7 I heard a noise..........................I turned the light on

8 Would you like a cup of coffee..................tea?

 Complete the sentences, using although, despite, in spite of, however, nevertheless. Sometimes, two answers are possible.

1. ....................... it was raining heavily, he went out without a raincoat.

2. My father is very busy. ............................, he is always willing to give a hand with the housework.

3. Some English words have the same pronunciation ................................... they are spelled differently, for example, deer and dear.

4. I was cold and wet. ......................................, Bob put on his swimming suit and went to the beach.

5. I think I did OK in my speech last night............................. I'd had almost no sleep for 24 hours.

6. Carol arrives at the meeting ..................................... I asked her not to be there.

7. The sky was grey and cloudy. ........................................, we went to the beach.

8. It looks like they're going to succeed ................................. their present difficulties.

9. ................................... there was no electricity, I was able to read because I had a candle.

10. .................................. I heard the telephone ring, I didn't answer it.