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ĐỂ x4 - x3 + 6x2 -x \(⋮x^2-x+5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5=0\Rightarrow x=5\)
b , ta có : \(3x^3+10x^2-5⋮3x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3x^3+x^2+9x^2+3x-3x-1-4⋮3x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(3x+1\right)+3x\left(3x+1\right)-\left(3x+1\right)-4⋮3x+1\)
mà : \(\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x-1\right)⋮3x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow4⋮3x+1\Rightarrow3x+1\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4\right\}\)
Nếu : 3x + 1 = 1 => x = 0 ( TM )
3x + 1 = -1 => x = -2/3 ( loại )
3x + 1 = 2 => x = 1/3 ( loại )
3x + 1 = -2 => x = -1 ( TM )
3x + 1 = 4 => x = 1 ( TM )
3x + 1 = -1 => x = -5/3 ( loại )
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;\pm1\right\}\)
\(a,n^3-2n^2+3n+3=n^3-n^2-n^2+n+2n-2+5\\ =\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2-n+2\right)+5\\ \Leftrightarrow n^3-2n^2+3n+3⋮\left(n-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow5⋮n-1\\ \Leftrightarrow n-1\in\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{-4;0;2;6\right\}\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow x^4+6x^3+7x^2-6x+a\\ =x^4+3x^3-x^2+3x^3+9x^2-3x-x^2-3x+1-1+a\\ =\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\left(x^2+3x-1\right)-1+a\\ =\left(x^2+3x-1\right)^2+a-1\)
Để \(x^4+6x^3+7x^2-6x+a⋮x^2+3x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=1\)
Ta có: \(3x^3+10x^2-5+n⋮3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^3+x^2+9x^2+3x-3x-1-4+n⋮3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(3x+1\right)+3x\left(3x+1\right)-\left(3x+1\right)-\left(4-n\right)⋮3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x-1\right)-\left(4-n\right)⋮3x+1\)
mà \(\left(3x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x-1\right)⋮3x+1\)
nên \(-\left(4-n\right)⋮3x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(4-n\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4-n=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n=4\)
Vậy: Để đa thức \(3x^3+10x^2-5+n\) chia hết cho đa thức 3x+1 thì n=4
Bài 3:
Ta có: \(2n^2+n-7⋮n-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n^2-4n+5n-10+3⋮n-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow n-2\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3\right\}\)
hay \(n\in\left\{3;1;5;-1\right\}\)
\(A:B=\left(2n^2-4n+3n-6+3\right):\left(n-2\right)\\ =\left[2n\left(n-2\right)+3\left(n-2\right)+3\right]:\left(n-2\right)=2n+3\left(\text{dư }3\right)\)
Để phép chia hết \(\Rightarrow n-2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow n\in\left\{-1;1;3;5\right\}\)
theo đề ta có:
\(\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{2n^2-n-3}{n-2}=\dfrac{2n^2-4n+3n-6+3}{n-2}\)
=\(\dfrac{2n\left(n-2\right)+3\left(n-2\right)+3}{n-2}\)
=\(\dfrac{\left(n-2\right)\left(2n+6\right)}{n-2}=\dfrac{2n+6}{1}=2n+6\)
Vậy đa thức A chia hết cho đa thức B
\(a,A=\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+10\left(x-2y\right)+25+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+2\\ A=\left(x-2y\right)^2+10\left(x-2y\right)+5+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\\ A=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y-5\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow3x^3+10x^2-5+n=\left(3x+1\right)\cdot a\left(x\right)\)
Thay \(x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow3\left(-\dfrac{1}{27}\right)+10\cdot\dfrac{1}{9}-5+n=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{10}{9}-5+n=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-4+n=0\Leftrightarrow n=4\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow2n^2-4n+5n-10+3⋮n-2\\ \Leftrightarrow2n\left(n-2\right)+5\left(n-2\right)+3⋮n-2\\ \Leftrightarrow n-2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{-3;-1;1;3\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow n\in\left\{-1;1;3;5\right\}\)