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\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{FeCl_3}\)
Lại có : \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}+3n_{FeCl_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=292\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V=\dfrac{2920}{11}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{73}{275}\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MFeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{73}{275}}=\dfrac{55}{73}\left(M\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+HCl\rightarrow FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{8}{160}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Fe:
\(n_{FeCl_3}=n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2.0,05=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_3}=162,5.0,1=16,25\left(g\right)\)
b, Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl:
\(n_{HCl}=n_{Cl}=3n_{FeCl_3}=3.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=\dfrac{n_{FeCl_3}}{V_{ddFeCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,6}=0,17M\)
Mk gửi bạn nhé
Đáp án:
a. 16,25g
b. 0,6l
c. 0,05M
Giải thích các bước giải:
Fe2O3+6HCl → 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
0,05 0,3 0,1
nFe2O3= 8/160= 0,05 mol
a. mFeCl3= 0,1. 162,5= 16,25g
b. VHCl= 0,3/0,5 = 0,6l
c. CMFeCl3 = 0,1/0,5= 0,05M
$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$
$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$
\(a) n_{Fe_2O_3} = \dfrac{8}{160} = 0,05(mol)\\ Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ n_{FeCl_3} = 2n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{FeCl_3} = 0,1.162,5 = 16,25(gam)\\ b) n_{HCl} = 6n_{Fe_2O_3} = 0,05.6 = 0,3(mol)\\ V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,5} = 0,6(lít)\\ c) C_{M_{FeCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,5} = 0,2M\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+56b=5,12\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+2b=0,24\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{MgCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{FeCl_2}=0,07\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl\left(p/ứ\right)}=2n_{MgCl_2}+2n_{FeCl_2}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=n_{NaOH}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot36,5}{36,5\%}=30\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,12\cdot2=0,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=34,88\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,07\cdot127}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx25,49\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot95}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx13,62\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,04\cdot36,5}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx4,19\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+FeCl_2+4H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=1.1=1\left(mol\right)\\ V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{8}\Rightarrow HCl\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow\text{dd}X:FeCl_2,FeCl_3,HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{FeCl_3}=0,01.2=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=1-0,01.8=0,92\left(mol\right)\\ V_{\text{dd}X}=V_{\text{dd}HCl}=1\left(l\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{0,92}{1}=0,92\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,02}{1}=0,02\left(M\right)\)