$a)$

Đặt $n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)$

$\to 27x+56y=13,75(1)$

Bảo toàn e: $1,5x+y=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5(2)$

Từ $(1)(2)\to x=0,25(mol);y=0,125(mol)$

$\to \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,25.27}{13,75}.100\%\approx 49,09\%$

$\to \%m_{Fe}=100-49,09=50,91\%$

$b)$

Bảo toàn H: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=1(mol)$

$\to a=\dfrac{1.36,5.120\%}{18,25\%}=240(g)$

$c)$

Bảo toàn Al,Fe: $n_{AlCl_3}=0,25(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=0,125(mol)$

$m_{dd_{HCl(p/ứ)}}=\dfrac{1.36,5}{18,25\%}=200(g)$

Ta có $m_{dd\, sau}=13,75+200-0,5.2=212,75(g)$

$\to \begin{cases} C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,25.133,5}{212,75}.100\%=15,69\%\\ C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,125.127}{212,75}.100\%=7,46\% \end{cases}$

thank anh/chị nhé

Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2

x------2x--------x---------x

2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2

y---------3y-----y--------3\2y

ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=11,7\\x+\dfrac{3}{2}y=0,6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=0,15 mol, y=0,3 mol

=>%mMg=\(\dfrac{0,15.24}{11,7}.100=30,77\%\)

=>%mAl=100-30,77=69,23%

b)

m HCl=1,2.36,5=43,8g

=>C%=\(\dfrac{43,8}{200}.100\)=21,9%

a) 

Gọi công thức chung của 2 kim loại là X

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: X + 2HCl --> XCl₂ + H₂

          0,4<------------------0,4

=> \(\overline{M}_X=\dfrac{12}{0,4}=30\left(g/mol\right)\)

Mà 2 kim loại thuộc nhóm IIA, liên tiếp nhau

=> 2 kim loại là Mg, Ca

b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ca}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 24a + 40b = 12 (1)

Và a + b = 0,4 (2)

(1)(2) => a = 0,25 (mol); b = 0,15 (mol)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,25.24=6\left(g\right)\\m_{Ca}=0,15.40=6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) 

\(n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

=> m_HCl = 0,8.36,5 = 29,2 (g)

=> \(a=\dfrac{29,2.100}{18,25}=160\left(g\right)\)

d)

m_{dd sau pư} = 12 + 160 - 0,4.2 = 171,2 (g)

\(n_{MgCl_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) => \(m_{MgCl_2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CaCl_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) => \(m_{CaCl_2}=0,15.111=16,65\left(g\right)\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{23,75}{171,2}.100\%=13,87\%\\C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{16,65}{171,2}.100\%=9,73\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Sửa: $V_{H_2}=7,168(l)$

$a\bigg)$

Đặt $n_{Mg}=x;n_{Fe}=y;n_{Al}=z$

$\to 24x+56y+27z=9,52(1)$

$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,168}{22,4}=0,32(mol)$

$n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{8,064}{22,4}=0,36(mol)$

BTe: $x+y+1,5z=n_{H_2}=0,32(2)$

BTe: $x+1,5y+1,5z=n_{Cl_2}=0,36(3)$

Từ $(1)(2)(3)\to x=0,12(mol);y=0,08(mol);z=0,08(mol)$

$\to \begin{cases} \%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,12.24}{9,52}.100\%=30,25\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,08.56}{9,52}.100\%=47,06\%\\ \%m_{Al}=100-47,06-30,25=22,69\% \end{cases}$

$b\bigg)$

Bảo toàn H: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,64(mol)$

$\to C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,64}{0,2}=3,2M$

$\to a=3,2$

$c\bigg)$

Dung dịch sau gồm $MgCl_2,FeCl_2,AlCl_3$

Bảo toàn $Mg,Al,Fe:n_{MgCl_2}=0,12(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,08(mol)$

$\to C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,12}{0,2}=0,6M$

$\to C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2}=0,4M$

$a\bigg)$

Đặt $n_{Mg}=x;n_{Fe}=y;n_{Al}=z$

$\to 24x+56y+27z=9,52(1)$

$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,336}{22,4}=0,64(mol)$

$n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{8,064}{22,4}=0,36(mol)$

BTe: $x+y+1,5z=n_{H_2}=0,64(2)$

BTe: $x+1,5y+1,5z=n_{Cl_2}=0,36(3)$

Từ $(1)(2)(3)\to$ nghiệm âm, xem lại đề

giúp em vs

Gọi số mol Mg, Fe, Al là a, b, c

=> 24a + 56b + 27c = 23,8

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl₂ + H₂ 

            a------------------------->a

            Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl₂ + H₂

            b------------------------->b

            2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂ 

            c------------------------->1,5c

=> a + b + 1,5c = \(\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Mg + Cl₂ --t^o--> MgCl₂

             a-->a

            2Fe + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2FeCl₃

             b--->1,5b

             2Al + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2AlCl₃

             c--->1,5c

=> \(a+1,5b+1,5c=\dfrac{20,16}{22,4}=0,9\left(mol\right)\)

=> a = 0,3; b = 0,2; c = 0,2

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35mol\)

Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

 x                                     x ( mol )

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

 y                                     y      ( mol )

Ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56x+65y=21,4\\x+y=0,35\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,15\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4g\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13g\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{21,4}.100=39,25\%\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=100\%-39,25\%=60,75\%\)

\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,15.127=19,05g\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2g\)