Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

   More than a billion people all over the world are (1) ………….. the threat of desert expansion, but few of them are aware that they themselves cause it and are also its (2) ……………. People cut (3) ……………. Trees for fuel and farmland. Their herds eat (4) ………… the grass covering valley floors and hillsides. The climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned into (5) ……….

  In some places, many people had to leave their homes when their wells became dry and sand buried their house and crops. Therefore, governments in nearby areas  have and local people (6) ………….. trees and banned burning firewood for fuel. Many other techniques have been (7) ………… For example, in Iran, a thin covering of oil was poured on sandy areas to retain (8) ………….. for planting trees, but this method may harm the environment. Other countries built long canals or pipelines (9) ………….. water to desert areas.

  Unless people find more (10) …………… methods, their homes and land will be lost. The fight against the desert is continuing.

I. Choose the correct word A, B, C or D for each gap to complete the following passage.

More than a billion people all over the world are (1) the threat of desert expansion, but few of them are aware that they themselves cause it and are also its (2) . People cut (3) trees for fuel and farmland. Their herd eat (4) the grass covering valley floors and hillsides. The climate and soil quality, therefore, are affected and forests are turned into (5) .

In some places, many people had to leave their homes when their wells became dry and sand buried their houses and crops. Therefore, government in nearby areas have had local people (6) trees and banned burning firewood for fuel. Many techniques have been (7) . For example, in Iran, a thin covering of oil was poured on sandy areas to retain (8) for planting trees, but this method may harm the environment. Other countries built long canals or pipelines (9) water to desert areas.

Unless people find more (10) methods, their homes and land will be lost. The last against the desert is continuing.

1. A. of             B. in                   C. on                  D. under

2. A. victims              B. enemies          C. friends           D. effects

3. A. off             B. back             C. down           D. in

4. A. up              B. away            C. into                D. out

5. A. blanks                B. deserts           C. spaces         D. bareness

6. A. planting          B. plant           C. to plant           D. planted

7. A. using                B. use           C. used             D. uses

8. A. fertilizer              B. soil                C. earth         D. water

9. A. to carry       B. take            C. fetch D. bring

10. A. great           B. effective                C. major            D. useful 

I. Fill in the blank with the correct form of the word

1. What is the correct .............. of this word (pronounce)

2. Last week we have an ........... summer holiday ( enjoy)

3. The ............ of the project made me tense ( important)

4. You had better do some........... for the final exam ( revise)

5. ....................., her illness was more serious than we thought ( fortunate)

II. Fill in each gap with a suitable word to complete th following passage

Rivers are one of the world's most important natural resources . Many cities are on the large rivers, and (1)......... every country has a least one river that (2)............. an important part in the lives of its people . Beside transportation, rivers (3).......... water for crops, water to drink , and re creation for people who live along their (4).............. And in (5)............ to get water for crops , engineers sometimes build a dam (6) a river and let water become a lake behind the dam . Then people can use their water not (7)........ irrigate fields but also to make eletricity for homes and industries. (8)........ the water often becomes polluted when cities river bank grow (9) ............ and the number of industries increases. We are learning that it is necessary to (10) ....... rivers clean if we want to enjoy the benefits of the natural resources.

Read the passage below and choose the best answers.

Each nation has many good people who take care of others. For example, some of high school and college students in the United States often spend many hours as volunteers in hospitals, orphanages or home for the elderly. They read books to the people in these places, or they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their problems. Other young volunteers go and work in the homes of people who are sick or old. They paint, clean up, or repair their houses, or the shopping or mow their lawns. For boys who no longer have fathers there is an organization called Big Brothers. College students and other men take these boys to baseball games or on fishing trips and help them to get to know things that boys usually learn from their fathers. Each city has a number of clubs where boys and girls can go and play games or learn crafts. Some of these clubs show movies or organize short trips to the mountains, the beaches, museums or other places of interest. Most of these clubs use a lot of high school and college students as volunteers because they are young enough to understand the problems of younger boys and girls. Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others.

1. What do volunteers usually do to help those who are sick or old in their homes?

A. They mow lawns, do shopping, and clean up their houses.

B. They cook, sew, and wash their clothes.

C. They tell them stories and sing and dance for them.

D. They take them to baseball games.

2. What do they help boys whose fathers do not live with them?

A. To get to know things about their fathers.

B. To get to know things that boys want from their fathers.

C. To learn things that boys usually learn from their fathers.

D. To learn things about their fathers.

3. Which activity is NOT available for the students at the clubs?

A. playing games B. watching films C. going to interesting places D. learning photography

4. Why do they use many high school and college students as volunteers? Because......

A. they have a lot of free time.

B. they can understand the problems of younger boys and girls.

C. they know how to do the work.

D. they are good at playing games and learning crafts.

5. What do volunteers believe?

A. In order to make others happy, they have got to be unhappy.

B. The happiest people in the world are those who make themselves happy.

C. The happiest people in the world are those who are young and healthy.

D. Bringing happiness to others makes them the happiest people in the world

Use only ONE word to fill in each space.

People have always dreamed of living forever, and although we all know this will (1) ........................ happen, we still want to live as long as possible. Naturally, there are advantages and disadvantages to a long (2) .................. In the first place, people (3) ........................ live longer can spend more time with their family and friends. Secondly, people who have busy working lives look forward to a long, relaxing time when they can do the things they have never had time for. (4) ........................ the other hand, there are some serious disadvantages. Firstly, many people become ill and consequently have to (5) ........................ time in hospital or become (6) ........................ on their children and friends. Many of them (7) ........................ this dependence annoying or embarrassing. In addition to this, the (8) ........................ people get, the fewer friends they seem to have because old friends die or become ill and it's often (9) ........................ to make new friends. To sum up, it seems that living to a very old age is worthwhile for people who stay healthy (10) ............................ to remain independent and enjoy life.

Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE word in each space.

People have always dreamed of living forever, and although we all know this will (1) __________ happen, we still want to live as long as possible. Naturally, there are advantages and disadvantages to a long (2) __________.

In the first place, people (3) __________ live longer can spend more time with their family and friends. Secondly, people who have busy working lives look forward to a long, relaxing time when they can do the things they have never had time for.

(4) __________ the other hand, there are some serious disadvantages. Firstly, many people become ill and consequently have to (5) __________ time in hospital or become dependent (6) __________ their children and friends. Many of them (7) __________ this dependence annoying or embarrassing. In addition to this, the (8) __________ people get, the fewer friends they seem to have because old friends die or become ill and it's often difficult to make new (9) __________

To sum up, it seems that living to a very old age is worthwhile for people who stay healthy (10) ________ to remain independent and enjoy life.

Read the passage below and decide whether the statements are TRUE or FALSE?

I’m Bing. My grandmother told me that our village used to be very poor many years ago. The villagers had to work hard in the fields all day but they could not earn enough for their living. Their lives were very simple. Many people had to live in houses made of straw and mud. Nowadays my village has changed a lot. People live in big brick houses. In the evening, they can listen to the news on the radio or watch TV for entertainment. All people in my village try their best to make their living better. They raise and resurface the roads so that the roads will not be muddy and flooded after it rains.

Question: Many people had to live in houses made of straw and mud.

A. True

B. False

Fill each gap in the passage with a suitable word:

Almost every office now uses computer. They are used for all kinds of work. For (1)......, scientists, engineers, and economists use them. Bussiness people use (2)....... to make business decisions. Doctors also use computers to help their patients. Computers make work easier for writers, (3)......... And even students now use computers to help in (4)....... studies. Besides, some people (5)...... computers at home to help them make plans (6)....... pay bills. Everyone knows (7)........ computers are useful. And there are many other new computer programs. Some people like the way computers hum and sing (8)........ they are working. It is a happy sound, (9)......... the sounds of toys. Computer also have lights and pretty pictures. With a computer, anyone can feel like an artist. And computers even seem to have personalities. That may sound strange, but computers seem to have feelings. Sometimes they seem happy, (10)........... they seem angry. It is easy to think they are like people.

Fill one suitable word in each space of the following passage

About two hunderd years ago man lived in great harmony with his environment......(1)........industry was not much developed. Today the situation is quite different.People all over the world are worried about......(2)......is happening to the enviroment, because od modern industry and the need for more and more energy. Newspaper and magazines write about water pollution, air pollution and land pollution.

Why is.......(3)......so much discussion about pollution ? After all, people have been .......(4)....... the world around them for thousands of years. But in the past, there were not many people and lots of room in the world so they could move to another place when their sattlements became ......(5).....

Now, however, many parts os the world are crowded, people live in big cities and much of our waste, especially waste from factories, electric power stations, the chemical industry and heavy industry is very dangerous. Much of this dangerous waste goes into the air and is carried by the ......(6)....... for great distance.

The earth is our home. We must take care of it, for ourselves and for the........(7)...... generations. This means keeping our environment clean. Ecologists, the scientists who study the relation between living ......(8).....and the environment point out the importance of this task. However, each of us must do everythingpossible to keep the land, air and water clean.