\(PTHH:Zn+2HCl->ZnCl_2+H_2\)

ap dung DLBTKL ta co

\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(=>m_{H_2}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}-m_{ZnCl_2}\\ =>m_{H_2}=13+14,6-27,2\\ =>m_{H_2}=0,4\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH:

Zn + 2HCl  ZnCl₂ + H₂
 

a, PTHH: Zn + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl₂ + H₂

b, \(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\)

\(m_{H_2}=\left(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}\right).2=0,2g\)

Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:

m_Zn + m_HCl = m_{\(ZnCl_2\)} + m_{\(H_2\)}

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(6,5+72\right)-0,2=78,3g\)

1. \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

2. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

3. Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^o}}3Fe+4H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{4}\), ta được Fe₃O₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_3O_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05.232=11,6\left(g\right)\)

1. \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

2. \(n_{zn}=\dfrac{m_{Zn}}{M_{Zn}}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}.M_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

3. \(2H_2+Fe_3O_4\rightarrow3Fe+2H_2O\)

2 mol------1 mol------3 mol--2 mol

\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{m_{Fe_3O_4}}{M_{Fe_3O_4}}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\dfrac{n_{Fe_3O_4}}{1}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}\)

\(\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{n_{Fe_3O_4}}{1}=\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{2}\)

Vậy không có chất nào dư cả

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl₂+H₂

m_HCl=27,2+0,4-13=27,6-13=14,6(g)

Bài 1 : 

a. 

Kẽm + Axit clohidric => Kẽm clorua + Khí hidro 

\(m_{Zn}+m_{HClk}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b.

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khối lượng : 

\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl\left(bđ\right)}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}+m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}\)

c.

Ta có : 

\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1< \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{10.95}{2}=0.15\)

\(\Rightarrow\) \(\text{HCl dư }\)

\(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.1\cdot136=13.6\left(g\right)\)

\(d.\)

\(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=0.1\cdot2=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=0.2\cdot36.5=7.3\left(g\right)\)

a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,1      0,2                  0,1

b. \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

c. \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

0,1      0,2                       0,1

\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3g\)

\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b. Theo ĐLBTKL, ta có:

\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\\ b.\Leftrightarrow6,5+7,3=13,6+m_{H_2}\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{H_2}=\left(6,5+7,3\right)-13,6=0,2\left(g\right)\)

Chúc em học tốt!

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\a, Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b, m_{Zn\left(p.\text{ứ}\right)}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,1=13,6\left(g\right)\)