\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\\ \dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1} = 0,2 > \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2} = 0,15 \to Zn\ dư\\ n_{Zn\ pư} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)\\ m_{Zn\ dư} = (0,2 - 0,15).65 = 3,25(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\)

a)

\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)

b)

\(n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\)

Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1} = 0,2 > \dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2} = 0,15\) nên Zn dư.

Theo PTHH :

\(n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,5n_{HCl} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn\ dư} = 0,2 - 0,15 = 0,05(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\ dư} = 0,05.65 = 3,25(gam)\)

c)

Ta có :

\(n_{H_2} = n_{Zn\ pư} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)\)

Zn+2HCl->ZnCl₂+H₂

0,125-0,25---0,125-0,125

n HCl=\(\dfrac{9,125}{36,5}\)=0,25 mol

=>Zn dư

 =>m _{Zn dư}=(0,15-0,125).65=1,625 mol

=>V_H2=0,125.22,4=2,8l

=>m _ZnCl2=0,125.136=17g

nHCl = 9,125/36,5 = 0,25 (mol)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2

LTL: 0,15 > 0,25/2 => Zn dư

nZn (p/ư) = nZnCl2 = nH2 = 0,25/2 = 0,125 (mol)

mZn (dư) = (0,15 - 0,125) . 65 = 1,625 (g)

VH2 = 0,125 . 22,4 = 2,8 (l)

mZnCl2 = 0,125 . 136 = 17 (g)

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl₂ + H₂

             0,25      0,5       0,5        0,5

Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Zn dư , HCl đủ 

b) \(m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,25\right).65=3,25\left(g\right)\)

c) \(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\b, Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow Zndư\\ n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,3-\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

Ta có: n_Zn = \(\dfrac{13}{65}\) = 0,2 mol 

 PTHH : Zn +  2HCl  →  ZnCl₂ + H₂

           ban đầu   : 0,2      0,3 

           phản ứng : 0,15    0,3                    0,15

     sau phản ứng : 0,05     0                     0,15

→ n_H2 = 0,15 mol 

=> V_H2 = 0,15 . 22,4 = 3,36 lít

Đáp án đúng là D bạn nhé

D

a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=36,5.15\%=5,475\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{5,475}{36,5}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\), ta được Mg dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

b, \(n_{Mg\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,075=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg\left(dư\right)}=0,025.24=0,6\left(g\right)\)

c, - Cách 1:

\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,075.95=7,125\left(g\right)\)

- Cách 2: 

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_{Mg (pư)} + m_HCl = m_MgCl2 + m_H2

⇒ m_MgCl2 = 2,4 - 0,6 + 5,475 - 0,075.2 = 7,125 (g)

8====D

có cứt nhá

có làm mới có ăn

a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl phản ứng hết, Zn còn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,05=0,45\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,45\cdot65=29,25\left(g\right)\)

c+d) Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05\cdot136=6,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a.b.c.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

0,1                         0,1      0,15   ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35g\)

d.\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)

                  0,15              0,1              ( mol )

\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6g\)

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