a) Đặt: nZn=x(mol); nFe= y(mol) (x,y: nguyên, dương)

Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2

x_______x_______x________x

Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2

y____y_________y___y(mol)

b) m(rắn)=mCu=3(g)

=> m(Zn, Fe)= 21,6 - 3= 18,6(g)

Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\22,4x+22,4y=6,72\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> Zn= 65.0,2=13(g)

=>%mZn= (13/21,6).100=60,185%

%mCu=(3/21,6).100=13,889%

=>%mFe=25,926%

c) nH2SO4=x+y=0,3(mol) =>mH2SO4=29,4(g)

=> mddH2SO4= (29,4.100)/25=117,6(g)

phương trình bn tự ghi nha:

đặt số mol 3 KL Zn, Fe, Cu lần lượt là a, b, c (mol), ta có pt theo đề bài:

65a+56b+64c=21.6 (1)

c=3/64 (2)

a+b=6.72/22.4 (3)

Từ (1)(2)(3)==> a=0.2(mol), b=0.1(mol), c=3/64(mol)

==>%Zn=0.2x65x100/21.6=60.185%

%Fe=0.1x56x100/21.6=25.925%

%Cu=100%-(60.185%+25.925%)=13.89%

Bạn tính số mol Zn và Fe như thế nào vậy?

a)Zn +H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 +H2

  Fe +H2SO4 -> FeSO4 +H2

 Cu +H2SO4 -> CUSO4+H2

đặt số mol 3 KL Zn, Fe, Cu lần lượt là a, b, c (mol), ta có pt theo đề bài:

     65a+56b+64c=21.6 (1)

      c=3/64 (2)

       a+b=6.72/22.4 (3)

Từ (1)(2)(3)==> a=0.2(mol), b=0.1(mol), c=3/64(mol)

==>%_Zn=0.2 x 65 x100/21.6 = 60.185%

       %_Fe=0.1 x 56 x 100/21.6 = 25.925%

       %_Cu=100%-( 60.185% + 25.925% )= 13.89%

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\\ m_{Cu}=9,7-6,5=3,2g\\ b)C_{\%ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{6,5+120-0,1.2}\cdot100=10,77\%\)

\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 16,8 - 6,4 = 10,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(2)\)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra: a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2

Vậy :

\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{16,8}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{16,8}.100\% = 28,57\%\\ \%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 33,33\% - 28,57\% = 38,1\%\)

Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2

0,3---0,6--------------0,3 mol

Cu ko td với HCl

n H2=6,72\22,4=0,3 mol

=>m Mg=0,3.24=7,2g

=>m Cu=13,6-7,2=6,4g

=>VHCl=0,6\1=0,6l=600ml

3g chất rắn không tan là Cu

=> \(m_{Zn}+m_{Fe}=18,6\left(g\right)\)

Theo đề bài ta có PTHH:

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\) (I)

\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\) (II)

Gọi \(n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65x+56y=18,6\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=56\cdot0,1=5,6\left(g\right)\) ; \(m_{Zn}=65\cdot0,2=13\left(g\right)\)

\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{21,6}\cdot100\%=25,93\left(\%\right)\)

\(\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{21,6}\cdot100\%=60,19\left(\%\right)\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=\left(100-25,93-60,19\right)\%=13,88\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH:

\(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\)

\(Cu+H_2SO_4--\times-->\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{chất.rắn.còn.lại.sau.PỨ}=m_{Cu}=10,5-6,5=4\left(g\right)\)

c. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{9,8}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=49\left(g\right)\)

\(a,PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ b,m_{\text{chất rắn sau p/ứ}}=m_{Cu}\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu}=10,5-6,5=4\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{H_2SO_4}}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{9,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=49\left(g\right)\)

\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1mol\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,1         0,2           0,1           0,1  
\(m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4g\\ m_{Cu}=6,24-2,4=3,84g\\ b,\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{6,24}\cdot100\%=38,46\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100\%-38,46\%=61,54\%\\ c,m_{ddMgCl_2}=2,4+60-0,2=62,2g\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5g\\ C_{\%MgCl_2}=\dfrac{9,5}{62,2}\cdot100\%=15,27\%\)