a) 

b) 

Theo phương trình : 

c) Chất rắn : 

CuO dư : 

a)\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

0,2         0,3             0,1              0,3

b)\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)

c)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)

0,4       0,3       0,3

\(m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2g\)

nAl = 5.4/27 = 0.2 (mol) 

2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2 

0.2.......0.6......................0.3

CM HCl = 0.6 / 0.4 = 1.5 (M) 

nCuO = 32/80 = 0.4 (mol) 

CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O 

0.2.......0.2..........0.2 

Chất rắn : 0.2 (mol) CuO dư , 0.2 (mol) Cu 

%CuO =\(\dfrac{0,2.80}{0,2.80+0,2.64}\) 100% = 55.56%

%Cu = 44.44%

a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo phương trình : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}\left(đktc\right)=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c) Chất rắn : \(0,2\left(mol\right)\)

CuO dư : \(0,2\left(mol\right)Cu\)

\(\%CuO=\dfrac{0,2.80}{\left(0,2.80+0,2.64\right)}.100=55,56\%\)

\(\%Cu=44,44\%\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

            0,2---------------------->0,3

=> V_H2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)

b)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => CuO dư, H₂ hết

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

              0,3<--0,3------->0,3

=> Rắn sau pư gồm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Cu:0,3\left(mol\right)\\CuO\left(dư\right):0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,3.64}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=70,59\%\\\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,1.80}{0,3.64+0,1.80}.100\%=29,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

\(0.2.........................0.2.......0.3\)

\(m_{AlCl_3}=0.2\cdot133.5=26.7\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}Cu+H_2O\)

\(1..........1\)

\(0.2........0.3\)

\(LTL:\dfrac{0.2}{1}< \dfrac{0.3}{1}\Rightarrow H_2dư\)

\(n_{Cu}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Cu}=0.2\cdot64=12.8\left(g\right)\)

Em xem lại đề vì chất rắn chỉ có Cu không có CuO nhé !

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

           0,1                                    0,15

=> V_H2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)

\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

LTL: \(0,4>0,15\rightarrow\) CuO dư

Theo pthh: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,15.64}{0,15.64+\left(0,4-0,15\right).80}=32,43\%\\\%m_{CuO}=100\%-32,43\%=67,57\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a. \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\)

b. \(n_{Al}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)

Theo phương trình `(1)` \(n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.n_{Al}=\frac{3}{2}.0,1=0,15mol\)

\(\rightarrow V_{H_2\left(ĐKTC\right)}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)

c. \(CuO+H_2\rightarrow^{t^o}Cu+H_2O\left(2\right)\)

\(n_{CuO}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)

Tỷ lệ \(\frac{0,4}{1}>\frac{0,15}{1}\)

`->CuO` dư

Theo phương trình `(2)` \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)

\(n_{CuO\left(pứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)

\(\rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15=0,25mol\)

\(m\left(g\right)\text{ chất rắn }\hept{\begin{cases}CuO_{dư}=0,25mol\\Cu=0,15mol\end{cases}}\)

\(\rightarrow m=0,15.64+0,25.80=29,6g\)

\(\%m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,25.80.100}{29,6}\approx67,6\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-67,6\%=32,4\%\)

2Al+6HCl->2AlCl3+3H2

          1,2------------------0,6 mol

H2+CuO->Cu+H2O

        0,4----0,4

m HCl=43,8=>n HCl=\(\dfrac{43,8}{36,5}\)=1,2 mol

=>VH2=0,6.22,4=13,44l

b)n CuO=\(\dfrac{32}{80}\)=0,4 mol

=>H2 dư

=>m=m Cu=0,4.64=25,6g

=>%mCu=100%

cái dấu --- là sao v ạ

nZn = 13/65 = 0,2 (mol)

PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2

Mol: 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2 ---> 0,2

VH2 = 0,2 . 22,4 = 4,48 (l)

nCuO = 32/80 = 0,4 (mol)

PTHH: CuO + H2 -> (r°) Cu + H2O

LTL: 0,4 > 0,2 => CuO dư

nCuO (p/ư) = nCu = 0,2 (mol)

mCuO (dư) = (0,4 - 0,2) . 80 = 16 (g)

mCu = 0,2 . 64 = 12,8 (g)

%mCuO = 16/(16 + 12,8) = 55,55%

%mCu = 100% - 55,55 = 45,45%

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

0,6       0,9                0,3            0,9

\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{57}{64}=0,890625\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --to--> Cu + H₂O

                0,890625          0,890625

\(H=\dfrac{0,890625}{0,9}=99\%\)

a.b.

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

0,05     0,1                        0,05    ( mol )

\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)

c.

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

             0,05           0,05           ( mol )

\(m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\)