a)

$n_{Al}  = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH: 

$n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,3}{2} = 0,15(lít)$
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol)$
$C_{M_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,15} = 0,67M$

b)

$V_{H_2} = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72(lít)$

cảm ơn a nhiều ạ

\(a,n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\cdot0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ b,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{30}\cdot27=0,9\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2SO_4}\approx0,017\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,017}{0,1}\approx0,17M\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\\ V_{HCl}=\dfrac{200}{1000}=0.2L\\ C_M=\dfrac{n_{ct}}{V_{HCl}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{6.5}{65}}{0.2}=0.5mol/l\\ n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0.1mol\rightarrow n_{H_2}=0.1mol\rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}\cdot22.4=2.24L\)

200ml = 0,2l
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1.....0,2                        0,1   (mol)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) \(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

            2Al+        3H₂SO₄→   Al₂(SO₄)₃+    3H₂

(mol)  0,1             0,15              0,05           0,15                                                  

đổi: 300ml=0,3 lít

a) n_Al=\(\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=C_M.V=0,5.0,3=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

tỉ lệ:

        Al                 H₂SO₄

      \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)    >          \(\dfrac{0,15}{3}\)

→ Al dư, H₂SO₄ phản ứng hết sau phản ứng

→ \(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(lít\right)\)

b) \(n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=n_{Al\left(bđ\right)}-n_{Al\left(ph.ứ\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{Al\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}=\dfrac{1}{3}M\)

\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,3}=\dfrac{1}{6}M\)

\(C_{M_{H_2}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3}=0,05M\)

a, 4,48g

b, $\begin{array}{c}{C}_{M\left(FeS{O}_4\right)}=0,35\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\left(CuS{O}_4\right)}=0,35\left(M\right)\end{array}$

Giải thích các bước giải:

mddCuSO4 = 200 . 1,12 = 224g

→ mCuSO4 = 224 . 10% = 22,4g 

→ nCuSO4 = 22,4 : 160 = 0,14mol

nFe = 3,92 : 56 = 0,07 mol

Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu

nFe < nCuSO4 → Fe phản ứng hết, CuSO4 dư

nCu = nFe = 0,07 mol

→  mCu = 0,07 . 64 = 4,48g

Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch gồm:

             FeSO4: nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,07 mol

             CuSO4 dư: nCuSO4 p.ứ = nFe = 0,07 mol → nCuSO4 dư = 0,14 - 0,07 = 0,07 mol

$\begin{array}{c}{C}_{M\left(FeS{O}_4\right)}=\frac{0,07}{0,2}=0,35\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\left(CuS{O}_4\right)}=\frac{0,07}{0,2}=0,35\left(M\right)\end{array}$

a, 4,48g

b, $\begin{array}{c}{C}_{M\left(FeS{O}_4\right)}=0,35\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\left(CuS{O}_4\right)}=0,35\left(M\right)\end{array}$

Giải thích các bước giải:

mddCuSO4 = 200 . 1,12 = 224g

→ mCuSO4 = 224 . 10% = 22,4g 

→ nCuSO4 = 22,4 : 160 = 0,14mol

nFe = 3,92 : 56 = 0,07 mol

Fe + CuSO4 → FeSO4 + Cu

nFe < nCuSO4 → Fe phản ứng hết, CuSO4 dư

nCu = nFe = 0,07 mol

→  mCu = 0,07 . 64 = 4,48g

Sau phản ứng thu được dung dịch gồm:

             FeSO4: nFeSO4 = nFe = 0,07 mol

             CuSO4 dư: nCuSO4 p.ứ = nFe = 0,07 mol → nCuSO4 dư = 0,14 - 0,07 = 0,07 mol

$\begin{array}{c}{C}_{M\left(FeS{O}_4\right)}=\frac{0,07}{0,2}=0,35\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\left(CuS{O}_4\right)}=\frac{0,07}{0,2}=0,35\left(M\right)\end{array}$

\(a.n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{17,4}{58}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\\b. n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\\c.CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M \)

a)

$n_{Al} = \dfrac{0,54}{27} = 0,02(mol)$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,03(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,03.22,4 = 0,672(lít)$

b)

$n_{HCl} = 3n_{Al} = 0,06(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,06}{0,18} = 0,33M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} = \dfrac{0,02}{0,18} = 0,11M$

a)

$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24(lít)$

b) $n_{H_2SO_4} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol)$
$V_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,1}{1} = 0,1(lít)$

c) $n_{ZnSO_4} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,1.161 = 16,1(gam)$

d) $C_{M_{ZnSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,1} = 1M$