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a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
⇔ ( a3 + b3 ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇔ ( a + b )3 - 3ab( a + b ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇔ [ ( a + b )3 + c3 ] - [ 3ab( a + b ) + 3abc ] = 0
⇔ ( a + b + c )[ ( a + b )2 - ( a + b ).c + c2 ] - 3ab( a + b + c ) = 0
⇔ ( a + b + c )( a2 + 2ab + b2 - ac - bc + c2 - 3ab ) = 0
⇔ ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 0
⇔ \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{cases}}\)
Từ đây tự làm tiếp nhé :))
Ta có : \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)[\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3ac-3bc-3ab]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac-3ab-3bc-3ac\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{cases}}\)
Để \(N\)có nghĩa thì \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ne0\)
Hay \(a+b+c\ne0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall c,a\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Thay \(a=b=c\)vào \(N\), ta có : \(N=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Vậy \(N=\frac{1}{3}\)
a) \(A=\left(\frac{1}{1-x}+\frac{2}{x+1}-\frac{5-x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm1\) )
\(=\left(\frac{x+1+2\left(1-x\right)-5+x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x+1+2-2x-5+x}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\left(\frac{-2}{1-x^2}\right):\frac{1-2x}{x^2-1}\)
\(=\frac{2}{x^2-1}.\frac{x^2-1}{1-2x}=\frac{2}{1-2x}\)
b) Để x nhận giá trị nguyên <=> 2 chia hết cho 1 - 2x
<=> 1-2x thuộc Ư(2) = {1;2;-1;-2}
Nếu 1-2x = 1 thì 2x = 0 => x= 0
Nếu 1-2x = 2 thì 2x = -1 => x = -1/2
Nếu 1-2x = -1 thì 2x = 2 => x =1
Nếu 1-2x = -2 thì 2x = 3 => x = 3/2
Vậy ....
Nhận xét:\(\left(a+b\right)^3=a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2\)
=> \(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)^3-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
ta có \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
Thay vào biểu thức trên ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3a^2b-3ab^2-3abc\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
=\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
= \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right)\)
=\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
Vay \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab\right)\)
Do \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)và theo đầu bài \(a+b+c\ne0\)nen \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ac-bc-ab=0\)
=> \(a=b=c\)
Vay N = \(\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab\right]=0\)
Do \(a+b+c\ne0\) nên \(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{\left(3a\right)^2}=\frac{3a^2}{9a^2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
...
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)(vì \(a+b+c\ne0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(N=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\)