ko biết

Ta có: 

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{1+b}{4}\ge a\\\frac{b^2}{1+a}+\frac{1+a}{4}\ge b\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{a^2}{1+b}\ge\frac{4a-b-1}{4}\\\frac{b^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{4b-a-1}{4}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{1+b}+\frac{b^2}{1+a}\ge\frac{4a-b-1}{4}+\frac{4b-a-1}{4}\)

\(=\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b\right)-\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}.2\sqrt{ab}-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=1\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{b}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow bc+ca=2ca\)

\(P=\dfrac{a+b}{2a-b}+\dfrac{c+b}{2c-b}=\dfrac{ac+bc}{2ca-bc}+\dfrac{ca+ab}{2ca-ab}\)

\(=\dfrac{ca+bc}{ab}+\dfrac{ca+ab}{bc}=\dfrac{c}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c+a}{b}+\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{2}{b}=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+c}\left(\text{Svácxơ}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow c+a\ge2b\)

Áp dụng bđt cô si cho 2 số dương

\(\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{a}{c}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}.\dfrac{a}{c}}=2\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{2b}{b}+2=4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)

a2(b+c)2+5bc+b2(a+c)2+5ac≥4a29(b+c)2+4b29(a+c)2=49(a2(1−a)2+b2(1−b)2)(vì a+b+c=1)
a2(1−a)2−9a−24=(2−x)(3x−1)24(1−a)2≥0(vì )<a<1)
⇒a2(1−a)2≥9a−24
tương tự: b2(1−b)2≥9b−24
⇒P⩾49(9a−24+9b−24)−3(a+b)24=(a+b)−94−3(a+b)24.
đặt t=a+b(0<t<1)⇒P≥F(t)=−3t24+t−94(∗)
Xét hàm (∗) được: MinF(t)=F(23)=−19
⇒MinP=MinF(t)=−19.dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=13

\(A=\dfrac{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}{\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c+a\right)\left(b+a+b+c\right)\left(c+a+b+c\right)}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)

\(A\ge\dfrac{2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}.2\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)}=8\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Từ giả thiết \(1\le a\le2\) =>  ( a - 1).(a - 2) \(\le\) 0 =>\(a^2-3a+2\le0\)

Từ giả thiết \(1\le b\le2\) => (b - 1)( b - 2) \(\le\) 0 => \(a^2-3b+2\le0\)

Vì vậy ta có P:

\(=\left[a^2+b^2-3\left(a+b\right)+4\right]-\left(\sqrt{a}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\right)^2-3\le-3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{q}}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{2}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy a =1 ; b = 2 là giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\ge3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+y^2+z^2\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)

Có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(A^2\le2\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\in\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)

minA=-1\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

maxA=1\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

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