@Nguyễn Việt Lâm

@Vũ Minh Tuấn

Từ \(a+b=4ab\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=4\)

\(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=4\\\frac{x^2}{4y+x^2y}+\frac{y^2}{4x+xy^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)

C-S: \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)+xy\left(x+y\right)}\)\(\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)\cdot\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Ta có: \(\frac{a}{1+4b^2}=\frac{a\left(1+4b^2\right)-4ab^2}{1+4b^2}=a-\frac{4ab^2}{1+4b^2}\ge a-\frac{4ab^2}{2\sqrt{4b^2.1}}=a-\frac{2ab^2}{2b}=a-ab\)(bđt cosi)

CMTT: \(\frac{b}{1+4a^2}\ge b-ab\)

=> P \(\ge a+b-2ab=4ab-2ab=2ab\)

Mặt khác ta có: \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)(cosi)

=> \(4ab\ge2\sqrt{ab}\) <=> \(2ab\ge\sqrt{ab}\)<=> \(4a^2b^2-ab\ge0\) <=> \(ab\left(4ab-1\right)\ge0\)

<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}ab\le0\left(loại\right)\\ab\ge\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}}\)(vì a,b là số thực dương)

=> P \(\ge2\cdot\frac{1}{4}=\frac{1}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = 1/2

Vậy MinP = 1/2 <=> a = b= 1/2

Ta có: \(a+b=4ab\le\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)-1\right]\ge0\)

Mà \(a+b>0\Rightarrow a+b\ge1\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta có: \(P=\frac{a}{1+4b^2}+\frac{b}{1+4a^2}=\left(a-\frac{4ab^2}{1+4b^2}\right)+\left(b-\frac{4a^2b}{1+4a^2}\right)\)\(\ge\left(a-\frac{4ab^2}{4b}\right)+\left(b-\frac{4a^2b}{4a}\right)=\left(a+b\right)-2ab=\left(a+b\right)-\frac{a+b}{2}=\frac{a+b}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = ¹/₂

Đặt \(\frac{1}{a}=x\); \(\frac{2}{b}=y;\frac{3}{c}=z\)

=>VT = \(\frac{z^3}{x^2+z^2}+\frac{x^3}{y^2+x^2}+\frac{y^3}{y^2+z^2}\)

Ta có \(\frac{z^3}{x^2+z^2}=z-\frac{x^2z}{x^2+z^2}\ge z-\frac{x^2z}{2xz}=z-\frac{x}{2}\)

CMTT: 

=> VT \(\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\). Dấu = khi a=1; b=2; z=3

Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có \(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}.\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}=1\)

Tương tự \(\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}\ge1\) \(\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\ge1\)

Khi đó BĐT sẽ được chứng minh nếu ta chỉ ra được

\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\left(\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\left(\frac{a}{4b}+\frac{b}{4a}+\frac{b}{4c}+\frac{c}{4b}+\frac{a}{4c}+\frac{c}{4a}\right)\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}-\frac{a+c}{b}-\frac{b+c}{a}-\frac{c+a}{b}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)(do \(a+b+c=1\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\) luôn đúng. Từ đó suy ba BĐT được chứng minh. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)