1.

- Với \(a+b\ge4\Rightarrow A\le0\)

- Với \(a+b< 4\Rightarrow4-a-b>0\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a}{2}.\dfrac{a}{2}.b.\left(4-a-b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+b+4-a-b\right)^4=4\)

\(A_{max}=4\) khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(2;1\right)\)

2.

\(P=a+\dfrac{1}{2}.a.2b\left(1+2c\right)\le a+\dfrac{a}{8}\left(2b+1+2c\right)^2\)

\(P\le a+\dfrac{a}{8}\left(7-2a\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(4a^3-28a^2+57a-36\right)+\dfrac{9}{2}\)

\(P\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(a-4\right)\left(2a-3\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}\le\dfrac{9}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{3}{2};1;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)

Câu 3 bạn xem lại đề, mình có thể chắc chắn với bạn là đề sai

Ví dụ bạn cho \(x=98,y=100\) thì vế trái chỉ lớn hơn 8 một chút

Đề đúng phải là: \(\left(x+y\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{16xy}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\ge12\)

Giúp mình bài này với ah.

Lời giải:

Tìm min:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$a^3+a^3+1\geq 3a^2$

$b^3+b^3+1\geq 3b^2$

$c^3+c^3+1\geq 3c^2$

$\Rightarrow 2(a^3+b^3+c^3)+3\geq 3(a^2+b^2+c^2)$

$\Leftrightarrow 2P+3\geq 9$

$\Leftrightarrow P\geq 3$

Vậy $P_{\min}=3$ khi $(a,b,c)=(1,1,1)$

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Tìm max:

$a^2+b^2+c^2=3\Rightarrow a^2,b^2,c^2\leq 3$

$\Rightarrow a,b,c\leq \sqrt{3}$

Do đó: $a^3-\sqrt{3}a^2=a^2(a-\sqrt{3})\leq 0$

$\Rightarrow a^3\leq \sqrt{3}a^2$

Tương tự với $b,c$ và cộng theo vế:

$P\leq \sqrt{3}(a^2+b^2+c^2)=3\sqrt{3}$
Vậy $P_{\max}=3\sqrt{3}$ khi $(a,b,c)=(\sqrt{3},0,0)$ và hoán vị. 

\(a^3+1+1\ge3a\)

\(b^3+1+1\ge3b\)

\(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)

Cộng vế:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=9\)

\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\ge3\)

\(Q_{min}=3\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)

\(Q=ac+bc-2022ab\le ac+bc=c\left(a+b\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(c+a+b\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(Q_{max}=\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=1\\ab=0\\c=a+b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right);\left(\dfrac{1}{2};0;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)

\(Q=c\left(a+b\right)-2022ab\ge c\left(a+b\right)-\dfrac{1011}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(Q\ge c\left(1-c\right)-\dfrac{1011}{2}\left(1-c\right)^2\)

\(Q\ge c\left(1-c\right)-\dfrac{1011}{2}c\left(c-2\right)-\dfrac{1011}{2}\)

\(Q\ge\dfrac{c\left(1011+1013\left(1-c\right)\right)}{2}-\dfrac{1011}{2}\ge-\dfrac{1011}{2}\)

\(Q_{min}=-\dfrac{1011}{2}\) khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2};0\right)\)

Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki ta có: 

\(\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)^2\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)

\(=3\left(2a+2b+2c\right)=3.2\left(a+b+c\right)=6.2021=12126\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{12126}\)

Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{2021}{3}\)

Lời giải:

Đặt $a+b+c=p; ab+bc+ac=q=1; abc=r$

$p,r\geq 0$

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: $p^2\geq 3q=3\Rightarrow p\geq \sqrt{3}$

$a,b,c\leq 1\Leftrightarrow (a-1)(b-1)(c-1)\leq 0$

$\Leftrightarrow p+r\leq 2\Rightarrow p\leq 2$

$P=\frac{(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)+3}{a+b+c-abc}=\frac{(a+b+c)^2+1}{a+b+c-abc}=\frac{p^2+1}{p-r}$

Ta sẽ cm $P\geq \frac{5}{2}$ hay $P_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow \frac{p^2+1}{p-r}\geq \frac{5}{2}$

$\Leftrightarrow 2p^2-5p+2+5r\geq 0(*)$

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Thật vậy:

Áp dụng BĐT Schur thì:

$p^3+9r\geq 4p\Rightarrow 5r\geq \frac{20}{9}p-\frac{5}{9}p^3$

Khi đó:

$2p^2-5p+2+5r\geq 2p^2-5p+2+\frac{20}{9}p-\frac{5}{9}p^3=\frac{1}{9}(2-p)(5p^2-8p+9)\geq 0$ do $p\leq 2$ và $p\geq \sqrt{3}$

$\Rightarrow (*)$ được CM

$\Rightarrow P_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}$

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $(a,b,c)=(1,1,0)$ và hoán vị

\(P=\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}\sqrt{c+a}\)

Aps dụng Bunhia-cốpxki : \(P^2=\left(\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}\right)\le\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)

\(=6\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=6.2021=12126\Leftrightarrow P=\sqrt{12126}\)

Vậy \(Max\left(P\right)=\sqrt{12126}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{2021}{3}\)

(Refer ;-;)